Global warming and sea level rising have brought numerous disasters. Extrapolation of paleoclimate variations can help to predict climate change laws in the future and to prevent disasters. In this paper, Quaternary sediments from hole SZ03 in the east coast of Taihu Lake were divided into 4 sporo-pollen assemblages. The methods and materials included the principle that "the present is the key to the past", the assemblage characteristics of palynoflora, the content variations of many genera, and the absolute concentration changes of charcoal particles, lower bacteria spores, and aquatic algae. The results showed that: this region underwent a climate transition of warm wet-warm and relatively wet-cold dry in early Pleistocene; significant climate fluctuations occurred in the middle Pleistocene with a transition of cold dry-old wet-slightly warm wet-warm wet-slightly warm wet; this region suffered from the largest marine transgression in the late Pleistocene; in the Holocene which belonged to postglacial period, this region became warm again with abundant rainfall, and the climate was very similar to that of today.