Albedo is the fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation) reflected from the Earth surface into space, it can change the energy balance of the land surface, causing regional ecological changes. The study of surface albedo is a systematic work, and it is the important basis for the ecological planning and protection. The analysis combined mean, slope and correlation can effectively analyze spatial distribution of surface albedo variations in different times. Based on the MODIS/MCD43A3 and meteorological data from 2001 to 2013,the paper have been researched the features of surface albedo of Tianshan Mountains Area by statistical analysis. The results indicate as follows: firstly, as a whole, the average surface albedo was 0.217,and there was an obviously difference in the temporal and spatial distribution. It illustrated a cross distribution characteristics overall,Ili River valley and the oasis region were higher while the central area was slightly lower. The surface albedo of Tianshan Mountains showed an annual growth rate of about 0.03 or more; Secondly, there was an increasing trend in years, with an annual growth rate of about 0.0014. Seasonal differences are obvious during the 13 years, the surface albedo of autumn was the highest and spring was the lowest. In winter and in spring, the fluctuations of surface albedo were stronger than other seasons, the coefficient of variation was 12.8% and 12.6%,respectively; During 13 years, the response between the surface albedo and climate factors were clear. In April and in December, with the increase of temperature, the surface albedo gradually reduced, while the surface albedo increased significantly with the decrease of precipitation in July and in August. At the same time,there was a significant correlation between the temperature and albedo over the same period, while one month lag phenomenon existed between precipitation and albedo.