For the purpose to study the characteristics of the Holocene paleo-aeolian sand and paleosol in the Kekdala profile,Yili of Xinjiang,we made a thorough analysis of magnetic susceptibility,TOC,clay fraction,and CaCO_3 of the sediments.The results show that the paleosol is resulted from the further weathering of loess deposits,as a kind of light gray desert soil formed under the weak clayization and calcification conditions in a desert-steppe environment.The paleo-aeolian sand and paleosol sequence suggest that the Yili valley of Xinjiang has suffered many times of climate fluctuations since 3.71kaBP.There are 6 layers of paleosol developed in different degrees during this period,with 3 layers formed in the early stage which are more developed than the 3 layers formed in the late stage.The paleoclimate inferred from paleosol could be divided into two stages taking the 2kaBP as the boundary,and the climate was dry in the early period but wet in the late period.Since 0.5kaBP,however,the climate has become warm-dry and the aeolian sand was strongly activated.