【Objective】Xinjiang is dominated by way of traditional nomadic,overgrazing is the major cause of Xinjiang grassland degradation. Fencing as an important means of ecological restoration has become an important measure to restore and protect Xinjiang grassland. Study on vegetation community structure and the economical benefits of grassland in response to grazing prohibition,to understand grassland degradation and restoration mechanism and rational use of enclosed grassland can provide some guidance in the future work.【Method】This study investigated plain desert,mountain desert,plain desert steppe,mountain desert steppe,mountain steppe and lowland meadow rangeland types around Urumqi in grazing which has been banned for 3 years,4 years and 5 years,respectively depending on the grassland vegetation community structure, height,cover degree and biomass inside the fence,and their proper carrying capacities and economic benefits after fencing were calculated so as to provide scientific basis for Xinjiang grassland restore and protect decision-making.【Result】The main results were as follows: (1) After 3 years,4 years,5 years of fencing, composition of plant community structure of different grassland types did not change significantly. There were differences in the height of the fence main plant species: 5 years fencing > 4 years fencing > 3 years fencing. Except the lowland meadow,the cover degrees of the rest types grassland vegetation were 4 years fencing > 5 years fencing > 3 years fencing. (2) Affected by climate variability and location,the biomass of different types'grassland on the whole showed that 4 years fencing > 5 years fencing > 3 years fencing. Although grass fence could effectively prohibit livestock ingesting and trampling plants,its impact on vegetation biomass was far less than annual climatic fluctuation.【Conclusion】Fencing time did not produce obvious effects on plant community composition of different grassland types,but there was a significant effect on the height and the biomass of the main plant species inside the fences.