Background, aim, and scope Facing the high frequency of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events appear in recent years, global climates change strongly, especially in northern hemisphere. Temperature and precipitation levels in ENSO warm (cold) year are more different from the normal year, causing serious flood and drought problems, great loss in peoples daily life, industrial and agricultural production. For avoiding and solving such problems, people should figure out the happening mechanism of ENSO events, also the characteristics, trend and cycle, also the physical mechanism between ocean and air, so that people can predict it exactly someday. Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang province, belongs to temperate continental monsoon climate, plain topography, abundant water resources. So Harbin becomes the mainly food production area in the northeast of China, certainly worth to be researched. Materials and methods Select the daily meteorological data from 1955 2011 of Harbin station, Shangzhi station, Tonghe station forming a triangle in Harbin region. Including the average temperature, the annual precipitation, the temperature anomaly of each year. Average values of the three stations represent the climate values of Harbin region. Time table of ENSO events is statistics of the references, take the definition of Kevin E Trenberth and sea surface temperature anomalies of the National Climate Center as the division basis of the cold and warm events. Calculating the precipitation anomaly percentage (R) to measure the drought and flood level. Using the linear trend method, anomaly and comparative method, Morlet wavelet analysis to analyze. Results During 1955 2011, among the 57 a, 2 a is the minimum of ENSO events reappear cycle, 6 a is the maximum. ENSO cold and warm events mainly happened in spring and autumn season, ended in spring and winter season. In recent 57 a, annual precipitation fluctuates little, while overall in the decline. Precipitation has a 24 a main cycle variation, 3.3 a and 7.5 a second cycle variation. Annual temperature change is in the opposite trend of precipitation, but has 4 a and 7 a main cycle variation. Discussion From the relationship between average temperature anomaly and ENSO events during 1955 2011, ENSO cold and warm events both can increase the temperature in Harbin region, cold events have obvious influence. From the relationship between average precipitation anomaly and ENSO events during 1955 2011, ENSO cold and warm events both can decrease the precipitation in Harbin region, similarly cold events have greater influence. From the corresponding relation between ENSO events and drought and flood disasters in Harbin during 1955 2011, we know that, when in ENSO warm event year, Harbin is in the high rate of flood; when in the cold event year, the region has a great possibility of drought. Conclusions The temperature in Harbin region has risen in a rate of 0.32℃·(10a)~(-1) in recent 57 years, more than the national average in a rate of 0.26℃·(10a)~(-1); precipitation has a reduction in a rate of -14.21 mm ·(10a)~(-1), faster than the national reduction.