Spatial-temporal change of coverage is in favor of understanding the ecosystem response to climatic variability and human-induced land transformations. The objective of this study was to analysis vegetation dynamics its relationship with drought in Hutuo river basin, based on 250 m MODIS NDV1 time-series data and monthly temperature and precipitation of 14 meteorological stations (2001-2015). The characteristics of drought were studied using the drought index (standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, SPEI),and the monthly temperature and precipitation were used to compute the SPEI of 1,3 and 12 month timescale. Results are shown as follows: (1) The NDVI of the study area was improvement progressively from 2001 to 2015,with a linear tendency being 0.024/(10a). (2) The largest proportion of the contribution to vegetation restoration was observed in the significantly improved area,and the area where the values of NDVI significantly increased accounts for reached 51.58% was mainly located in the upstream and midstream of Hutuo river basin. (3)The SPEI was fluctuating upward trend,which indicated that drought could be easing over the past 15 years in Hutuo river basin. And the trend was most marked in the midstream. (4) Correlation analysis results showed that the SPEI had a strong influence on vegetation coverage mainly occurred in June and July on the monthly, and temperature was the dominant factor affecting the change of vegetation in June,while precipitation was the dominant factor in July. Seasonally, drought in summer had more influence on vegetation coverage. There was a positive correlation between the annual NDVI and annual SPEI,and drought has a great influence on vegetation growth.