Under the influence of global climate change and human activities,aeolian sand-vegetation has changed obviously in Songnen Sand Land. Based on the Landsat series images,the meteorological and socioeconomic data of the study area,the dynamic evolution process and driving factors of aeolian sandvegetation were analyzed in Songnen Sandy Land during 1980 to 2015. Then the future development of the vegetation was simulated and predicted. The results showed that,the area of aeolian sandy landform increased by 355.00 km~2 in recent 35 years,with increase rate of 21.43%,which reached up tp the maximum in 2000,and then continued to decrease; the vegetation area decreased by 812.29 km~2,while the area of high and low vegetation area fluctuated downward,and decreased by 7 919.35 km~2 and 15 479.84 km~2,respectively; The middle vegetation coverage area increased with net increase of 22 587.90 km~2; the sand cover area was negatively correlated with the area of low vegetation coverage. According to prediction,the area of aeolian sandy landform in Songnen Sandy Land showed the decreasing trend in 2020,while the vegetation coverage increased, the low vegetation coverage area increased by 4 292, 95 km~2. The dynamic evolution of aeolian sandvegetation in Songnen Sandy Land was controlled by regional climate change and social economic development, and had a strong correlation with social and economic factors. This study can provide scientific basis for sandstorm control and regional sustainable development in Songnen Sandy Land.