The neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii is a short-lived squid species,its suitable habitat is primarily dominated by the water temperature.In this study,the fishery data during 2006-2015were obtained from the Chinese squid-jigging Science and Technology Group.Based on the relationship between the fishing effort and sea surface temperature(SST),we calculated the monthly proportion of favorable- SST area(PFSST)for O.bartramii,and further estimated the PFSST during 1985-2015.The decadal variability in the PFSST was examined and we also evaluated the influence of El Nino and La Nina events with different intensity on squid PFSST.Results suggested that the suitable SST for O.bartramii dramatically varied from month to month,corresponding to 16-19℃,17-21℃,15-19℃,14-16℃and 12- 13℃,respectively,from July to November.The catch per unit effort(CPUE)varied with the PFSST, significantly positive correlation was found between them,suggesting that the PFSST on the fishing ground of O.bartramii increased,the CPUE would increase.The PFSST over 1985-2015showed clearly monthly and interannual variability,which initially increased then decreased from July to November.Interannual variability of PFSST in July,August and September was basically the same,and similar interannual fluctuation in PFSST was found in October and November.Furthermore,significant positive relationship was found between the PFSST and SST on the fishing ground of O.bartramii during 1985-2015. The PFSST on the fishing ground of O.bartramii was greatly affected by the El Nino and La Nina events, but the influence varied with the intensity of each climatic event,which presented as:the SST under the weak La Nina event and normal climatic condition was the highest,the PFSST significantly increased;the SST under the Nina event with moderate and strong intensity was also high,however,the PFSST decreased. The SST under the El Nino events with weak,moderate and very strong intensity was low,while the PFSST for weak and very strong El Nino events was higher than that under the moderate El Nino event.