Based on the data of 16 meteorological stations in Shanxi province,the temporal and spatial distribution of temperature,precipitation,drought and flood disasters from 1958 to 2012 and their internal relations were analyzed. The results show that the climate of Shanxi province tended to warm and dry from 1958 to 2012; the temperature fluctuation rose,but the precipitation fluctuation decreased. The probability of drought was greater than that of flood,and the probability of drought increased. The droughts in central and southern Shanxi province were more frequent than that in the north. The disaster level of southern Shanxi was higher than that in the north. The frequencies of droughts and floods in the south and central were higher than the north part.