There are Tamarix cones distributed in the Qira region(35°17'~39°30'N,80°03'~82°10'E). Tamarix cone is not only a high-resolution dating method, but also contains a wealth of information on climate and environmental evolution. At the site of 37.09°N, 81.08°E,we take 141 samples in a top part of the Tamarix cone from the top layer to the 250.0 cm deep layer according to every layers with thickness of 0.5 ~2.8cm, and 10 samples according to a average thickness of 20.0 cm from 250.0 cm depth to the bottom. Based on the sedimentary vein counting and other dating methods such as AMS ~(14)C,~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb of Tamarix cone sedimentary veins, the time sequence of Tamarix cone sedimentary veins in Qira Oasis, southern margin of Taklimakan Desert has been established, which is from 1590 to 2010. Based on the delta~(18)O of the Tamarix cone sedimentary veins, combined with the observation data at Qira Meteorological Station from 1965 to 2009,and using the correlation analysis and the Stepwise Regression method, the temperature sequence in April and precipitation sequence in March for recent nearly 400 years in Qira region have been reconstructed quantitatively. The research results show that: the average of delta~(18)O values is 33.96%o, the fluctuation range is 27.18~44.07%o, and the fluctuation value is 16.89%o. The change of delta~(18)O sequence is influenced by multiple climatic factors including temperature,precipitation,relative humidity, and sunshine hours, and so on. The delta~(18)O changes have the obvious correlations with the monthly mean temperatures in April, February and October respectively; with monthly relative humidity in October, April, May, September, July and annual relative humidity respectively; with the monthly precipitation in March, September, February and August respectively; with sunshine duration in February, September and October. The reconstructed April's temperature in recent about 400 years could be divided into 4 periods: the warm period from 1635 to 1725; the cold period from 1726 to 1792; another warmer period from 1793 to 1899,during the period from 1835 to 1852 and from 1870 to 1880 the temperature is lower; another cold period from 1900 to 2009,but there are several periods of small cooler and warmer periods. The reconstructed March's precipitation sequence consists of four stages: the partial dry period from 1635 to 1725; the obvious wet period from 1726 to 1792; the partial dry period from 1793 to 1897,in which the precipitation increased during the two periods from 1837 to 1852 and from 1867 to 1883; from 1898 to 2009, it was a wet period, during which there were several periods of partial or partial wetness. In Qira region the climate could be divided into four climate stages in the past 400 years: the warm and dry period from 1635 to 1725, the cool and wet period from 1726 to 1792, the warm and dry period from 1793 to 1897,and the cool and wet period from 1898 to 2009.