DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117125
论文题名: What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?
作者: Kanawade V.P. ; Srivastava A.K. ; Ram K. ; Asmi E. ; Vakkari V. ; Soni V.K. ; Varaprasad V. ; Sarangi C.
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 1352-2310
出版年: 2020
卷: 222 语种: 英语
英文关键词: Aerosols
; Air quality
; Carbon monoxide
; Radiosondes
; Aerosol optical depths
; Air pollution episodes
; Atmospheric conditions
; Biomass-burning
; Indo-Gangetic Plains
; Light absorbing aerosols
; Particulate Matter
; Radiosonde observations
; Particles (particulate matter)
; carbon monoxide
; fossil fuel
; ozone
; air quality
; anthropogenic effect
; atmospheric pollution
; biomass burning
; episodic event
; optical depth
; particulate matter
; absorption
; aerosol
; air pollution
; air quality
; air temperature
; biomass
; climate
; combustion
; humidity
; India
; meteorology
; priority journal
; solar radiation
; weather
; wind speed
; winter
; Delhi
; Gangetic Plain
; Haryana
; India
; New Delhi
; Punjab
; South Asia
学科: Biomass burning
; Indo-Gangetic plain
; Particulate matter
; Severe air pollution episode
中文摘要: In recent years, South Asia is experiencing severely degraded air quality, with particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) reaching unprecedented high levels. Here, we investigate a severe air pollution episode (SAPE) witnessed in New Delhi during 1–7 November 2016. This was a very unusual air pollution episode wherein air quality index exceeded >500 and was persistent for about a week encapsulating the entire Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). We demonstrate that a stagnant weather condition was the dominant cause of the SAPE. Mean concentration of PM2.5 in New Delhi before, during, and after the SAPE were 142 μg/m3, 563 μg/m3, and 240 μg/m3, respectively. Satellite-based aerosol optical depth (AOD), ultraviolet-aerosol index (UV-AI) and surface carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations also showed significant enhancements over large locale spatially by about 50–70% during the SAPE. A large and simultaneous increase in UV-AI and CO downwind of a large number of fire hotspots (Punjab and Haryana) is a clear indication of biomass burning aerosols. Analysis of absorption Ångström exponent further substantiates this finding, showing a large fraction of light absorbing carbonaceous-type aerosols. Radiosonde observations clearly showed that stagnant atmospheric conditions led to SAPE in New Delhi by allowing pollution to accumulate and persist in the near-surface environment. As a result new particle formation was suppressed due to very high pre-existing aerosol concentrations during the SAPE. The heating rate induced by light absorbing aerosols into an atmospheric layer during SAPE was also very high (3.1 ± 0.7 K/day). These findings will help in understanding air quality and climate effects, as well as in formulating policies to mitigate these complex pollution episodes in an anthropogenic future. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/161066
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Centre for Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India; Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (Branch), Prof. Ramnath Vij Marg, New Delhi, India; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland; Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Av. Dorrego, Buenos Aires, 4019, Argentina; Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, India; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Kanawade V.P.,Srivastava A.K.,Ram K.,et al. What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2020-01-01,222