globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1416072111
论文题名:
American mastodon extirpation in the Arctic and Subarctic predates human colonization and terminal Pleistocene climate change
作者: Zazula G.D.; MacPhee R.D.E.; Metcalfe J.Z.; Reyes A.V.; Brock F.; Druckenmiller P.S.; Groves P.; Harington C.R.; Hodgins G.W.L.; Kunz M.L.; J Longstaffe F.; Mann D.H.; McDonald H.G.; Nalawade-Chavan S.; Southon J.R.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2014
卷: 111, 期:52
起始页码: 18460
结束页码: 18465
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Beringia ; Extinctions ; Megafauna ; Pleistocene ; Radiocarbon
Scopus关键词: amino acid ; carbon 14 ; animal experiment ; Arctic ; Article ; chronology ; climate change ; conservation biology ; continental ice ; environmental change ; environmental recolonization ; ice sheet ; information center ; interglacial ; latitude ; mastodon ; nonhuman ; Pleistocene ; population dynamics ; priority journal ; radiometric dating ; steppe ; taiga ; ultrafiltration ; animal ; forest ; fossil ; human ; mastodon ; physiology ; United States ; Mammut americanum ; Alaska ; Animals ; Arctic Regions ; Climate Change ; Forests ; Fossils ; Humans ; Mastodons
英文摘要: Existing radiocarbon (14C) dates on American mastodon (Mammut americanum) fossils from eastern Beringia (Alaska and Yukon) have been interpreted as evidence they inhabited the Arctic and Subarctic during Pleistocene full-glacial times (∼18,000 14C years B.P.). However, this chronology is inconsistent with inferred habitat preferences of mastodons and correlative paleoecological evidence. To establish a last appearance date (LAD) for M. americanum regionally, we obtained 53 new 14C dates on 36 fossils, including specimens with previously published dates. Using collagen ultrafiltration and single amino acid (hydroxyproline) methods, these specimens consistently date to beyond or near the ∼50,000 y B.P. limit of 14C dating. Some erroneously "young" 14C dates are due to contamination by exogenous carbon from natural sources and conservation treatments used in museums. We suggest mastodons inhabited the high latitudes only during warm intervals, particularly the Last Interglacial [Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5] when boreal forests existed regionally. Our 14C dataset suggests that mastodons were extirpated from eastern Beringia during the MIS 4 glacial interval (∼75,000 y ago), following the ecological shift from boreal forest to steppe tundra. Mastodons thereafter became restricted to areas south of the continental ice sheets, where they suffered complete extinction ∼10,000 14C years B.P. Mastodons were already absent from eastern Beringia several tens of millennia before the first humans crossed the Bering Isthmus or the onset of climate changes during the terminal Pleistocene. Local extirpations of mastodons and other megafaunal populations in eastern Beringia were asynchrononous and independent of their final extinction south of the continental ice sheets. © 2014, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/162210
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

Files in This Item:

There are no files associated with this item.


作者单位: Zazula, G.D., Yukon Palaeontology Program, Department of Tourism and Culture, Government of Yukon, Whitehorse, YT Y1A 2C6, Canada; MacPhee, R.D.E., Department of Mammalogy, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, United States; Metcalfe, J.Z., Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; Reyes, A.V., Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada; Brock, F., Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, United Kingdom; Druckenmiller, P.S., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States, Department of Geosciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Groves, P., Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Harington, C.R., Research Division (Paleobiology), Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada; Hodgins, G.W.L., Arizona AMS Facility, Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0081, United States; Kunz, M.L., School of Natural Resources and Agricultural Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; J Longstaffe, F., Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; Mann, D.H., Department of Geosciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; McDonald, H.G., Museum Management Program, National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO 80525, United States; Nalawade-Chavan, S., Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QY, United Kingdom; Southon, J.R., Keck-CCAMS Group, Earth System Science Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3100, United States

Recommended Citation:
Zazula G.D.,MacPhee R.D.E.,Metcalfe J.Z.,et al. American mastodon extirpation in the Arctic and Subarctic predates human colonization and terminal Pleistocene climate change[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2014-01-01,111(52)
Service
Recommend this item
Sava as my favorate item
Show this item's statistics
Export Endnote File
Google Scholar
Similar articles in Google Scholar
[Zazula G.D.]'s Articles
[MacPhee R.D.E.]'s Articles
[Metcalfe J.Z.]'s Articles
百度学术
Similar articles in Baidu Scholar
[Zazula G.D.]'s Articles
[MacPhee R.D.E.]'s Articles
[Metcalfe J.Z.]'s Articles
CSDL cross search
Similar articles in CSDL Cross Search
[Zazula G.D.]‘s Articles
[MacPhee R.D.E.]‘s Articles
[Metcalfe J.Z.]‘s Articles
Related Copyright Policies
Null
收藏/分享
所有评论 (0)
暂无评论
 

Items in IR are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.