DOI: 10.5194/hess-23-4433-2019
论文题名: Neighbourhood and stand structure affect stemflow generation in a heterogeneous deciduous temperate forest
作者: Metzger J.C. ; Schumacher J. ; Lange M. ; Hildebrandt A.
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 1027-5606
出版年: 2019
卷: 23, 期: 11 起始页码: 4433
结束页码: 4452
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Morphology
; Rain
; Diversity metrics
; Fully developed flows
; Linear mixed-effects model
; Precipitation events
; Spatial variations
; Subsurface storm flows
; Temperate forests
; Temporal stability
; Forestry
; basal area
; deciduous forest
; deciduous tree
; diversity index
; neighborhood
; precipitation (chemistry)
; precipitation (climatology)
; rainfall
; stand structure
; stemflow
; temperate forest
; Germany
; Hainich National Park
; Thuringia
; Fagus
英文摘要: Although stemflow oftentimes only represents a small portion of net precipitation in forests, it creates hot spots of water input that can affect subsurface storm-flow dynamics. The distribution of stemflow over different trees is assumed to be temporally stable, yet often unknown. Therefore, it is essential to know the systematic factors driving stemflow patterns. Several drivers have been identified in the past, mainly related to tree traits. However, less attention has been paid to tree neighbourhood interactions impacting stemflow generation and creating stand patches with enhanced or reduced stemflow. We recorded stemflow during 26 precipitation events on 65 trees, growing in 11 subplots (100m2 each), in a temperate mixed beech forest in the Hainich National Park, Germany. We used linear mixed effects models to investigate how traits of individual trees (tree size, tree species, number of neighbouring trees, their basal area and their relative height) affect stemflow and how stemflow is affected by stand properties (stand, biomass and diversity metrics). As expected, stemflow increased with event and tree size. Stemflow was highly variable at both the tree and subplot scale. Especially in large rainfall events (10 mm), the tree/subplot ranking was almost identical between events, probably due to fully developed flow paths bringing out the full stemflow potential of each tree. Neighbourhood and stand structure were increasingly important with event size (15% of fixed effects on the tree scale and ca. 65% on the subplot scale for large events). Subplot-scale stemflow was especially enhanced by a higher proportion of woody surface, expressed by a high number of trees, low leaf area and a large maximum tree size. The Simpson diversity index contributed positively to stemflow yield for large events, probably by allowing more efficient space occupation. Furthermore, our models suggest that the neighbourhood impacts individual tree morphology, which may additionally increase stemflow in dense, species diverse neighbourhoods. Unexpectedly, rain shading within the canopy had little impact on the stemflow spatial variation. Overall, we find a strong cross-scale temporal stability. Tree size and tree density were the main drivers, independently increasing stemflow, creating forest patches with strongly enhanced or reduced stemflow. Our results show that, besides tree metrics, forest structure and tree diversity also affect stemflow patterns and the potentially associated biogeochemical hot spots. © 2019 Author(s). Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/162867
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Metzger, J.C., Institute of Geoscience, Friedrich Schiller University, Burgweg 11, Jena, 07749, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, Jena, 07745, Germany; Schumacher, J., Institute of Mathematics, Friedrich Schiller University, Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2, Jena, 07743, Germany; Lange, M., Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, Jena, 07745, Germany; Hildebrandt, A., Institute of Geoscience, Friedrich Schiller University, Burgweg 11, Jena, 07749, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, Jena, 07745, Germany, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (IDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Metzger J.C.,Schumacher J.,Lange M.,et al. Neighbourhood and stand structure affect stemflow generation in a heterogeneous deciduous temperate forest[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2019-01-01,23(11)