globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1806868115
论文题名:
Strong impact of wildfires on the abundance and aging of black carbon in the lowermost stratosphere
作者: Ditas J.; Ma N.; Zhang Y.; Assmann D.; Neumaier M.; Riede H.; Karu E.; Williams J.; Scharffe D.; Wang Q.; Saturno J.; Schwarz J.P.; Katich J.M.; McMeeking G.R.; Zahn A.; Hermann M.; Brenninkmeijer C.A.M.; Andreae M.O.; Pöschl U.; Su H.; Cheng Y.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2018
卷: 115, 期:50
起始页码: E11595
结束页码: E11603
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biomass burning ; Black carbon ; Climate change ; High altitude ; Mixing state
Scopus关键词: black carbon ; aging ; aircraft ; Article ; biomass ; burn ; climate ; climate change ; controlled study ; Europe ; growth rate ; North America ; plume ; priority journal ; stratosphere ; temperature ; wildfire
英文摘要: Wildfires inject large amounts of black carbon (BC) particles into the atmosphere, which can reach the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) and cause strong radiative forcing. During a 14-month period of observations on board a passenger aircraft flying between Europe and North America, we found frequent and widespread biomass burning (BB) plumes, influencing 16 of 160 flight hours in the LMS. The average BC mass concentrations in these plumes (∼140 ng·m−3, standard temperature and pressure) were over 20 times higher than the background concentration (∼6 ng·m−3) with more than 100-fold enhanced peak values (up to ∼720 ng·m−3). In the LMS, nearly all BC particles were covered with a thick coating. The average mass equivalent diameter of the BC particle cores was ∼120 nm with a mean coating thickness of ∼150 nm in the BB plume and ∼90 nm with a coating of ∼125 nm in the background. In a BB plume that was encountered twice, we also found a high diameter growth rate of ∼1 nm·h−1 due to the BC particle coatings. The observed high concentrations and thick coatings of BC particles demonstrate that wildfires can induce strong local heating in the LMS and may have a significant influence on the regional radiative forcing of climate. © 2018 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/163631
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作者单位: Ditas, J., Center for Air Pollution and Climate Change Research (APCC), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China, Minerva Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Ma, N., Center for Air Pollution and Climate Change Research (APCC), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China, Minerva Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Zhang, Y., Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Assmann, D., Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, 04318, Germany; Neumaier, M., Institute of Meteorology and, Climate Research (IMK) - Atmospheric Trace Gases and Remote Sensing (ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany; Riede, H., Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany, Department of Research and Development, Central Meteorological Application Development, Remote Sensing Application Development, Deutscher Wetter-dienst, Offenbach am Main, 63067, Germany; Karu, E., Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Williams, J., Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Scharffe, D., Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Wang, Q., Center for Air Pollution and Climate Change Research (APCC), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Saturno, J., Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany, Biogeochemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany, Analytical Chemistry of the Gas Phase, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesan-stalt, Braunschweig, D-38116, Germany; Schwarz, J.P., Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, United States; Katich, J.M., Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; McMeeking, G.R., Handix Scientific LLC, Boulder, CO 80301, United States; Zahn, A., Institute of Meteorology and, Climate Research (IMK) - Atmospheric Trace Gases and Remote Sensing (ASF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany; Hermann, M., Experimental Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, 04318, Germany; Brenninkmeijer, C.A.M., Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Andreae, M.O., Biogeochemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States, Geology and Geophysics Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pöschl, U., Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Su, H., Center for Air Pollution and Climate Change Research (APCC), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany; Cheng, Y., Minerva Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany

Recommended Citation:
Ditas J.,Ma N.,Zhang Y.,et al. Strong impact of wildfires on the abundance and aging of black carbon in the lowermost stratosphere[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2018-01-01,115(50)
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