DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014463117
论文题名: Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance
作者: Belott C. ; Janis B. ; Menze M.A.
刊名: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 0027-8424
出版年: 2020
卷: 117, 期: 44 起始页码: 27676
结束页码: 27684
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Cryptobiosis
; Late embryogenesis abundant
; Liquid-liquid phase separation
; Membraneless organelle
; Water stress
Scopus关键词: anhydrobiosis
; aqueous solution
; Artemia franciscana
; article
; cell organelle
; desiccation
; drought
; ectopic expression
; embryo
; embryo development
; human cell
; in vivo study
; insect cell
; longevity
; nonhuman
; phase separation
; plant seed
; protein binding
; protein domain
; protein processing
; surface charge
; viscosity
; water loss
; water stress
英文摘要: Proteinaceous liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) occurs when a polypeptide coalesces into a dense phase to form a liquid droplet (i.e., condensate) in aqueous solution. In vivo, functional protein-based condensates are often referred to as membraneless organelles (MLOs), which have roles in cellular processes ranging from stress responses to regulation of gene expression. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins containing seed maturation protein domains (SMP; PF04927) have been linked to storage tolerance of orthodox seeds. The mechanism by which anhydrobiotic longevity is improved is unknown. Interestingly, the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana is the only animal known to express such a protein (AfrLEA6) in its anhydrobiotic embryos. Ectopic expression of AfrLEA6 (AWM11684) in insect cells improves their desiccation tolerance and a fraction of the protein is sequestered into MLOs, while aqueous AfrLEA6 raises the viscosity of the cytoplasm. LLPS of AfrLEA6 is driven by the SMP domain, while the size of formed MLOs is regulated by a domain predicted to engage in protein binding. AfrLEA6 condensates formed in vitro selectively incorporate target proteins based on their surface charge, while cytoplasmic MLOs formed in AfrLEA6-transfected insect cells behave like stress granules. We suggest that AfrLEA6 promotes desiccation tolerance by engaging in two distinct molecular mechanisms: by raising cytoplasmic viscosity at even modest levels of water loss to promote cell integrity during drying and by forming condensates that may act as protective compartments for desiccation-sensitive proteins. Identifying and understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern anhydrobiosis will lead to significant advancements in preserving biological samples. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/163972
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Belott, C., Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States; Janis, B., Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States; Menze, M.A., Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
Recommended Citation:
Belott C.,Janis B.,Menze M.A.. Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2020-01-01,117(44)