DOI: 10.5194/tc-14-115-2020
论文题名: Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure - Part 1: Slabs on compliant and collapsible weak layers
作者: Rosendahl P.L. ; Weißgraeber P.
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2020
卷: 14, 期: 1 起始页码: 115
结束页码: 130
语种: 英语
英文关键词: analytical method
; avalanche
; collapse
; fracture toughness
; nucleation
; slab
; slope angle
; snowpack
英文摘要: Dry-snow slab avalanche release is preceded by a fracture process within the snowpack. Recognizing weak-layer collapse as an integral part of the fracture process is crucial and explains phenomena such as whumpf sounds and remote triggering of avalanches from low-angle terrain. In this two-part work we propose a novel closed-form analytical model for a snowpack under skier loading and a mixed-mode failure criterion for the nucleation of weak-layer failure. In the first part of this two-part series we introduce a closed-form analytical model of a snowpack accounting for the deformable layer. Despite the importance of persistent weak layers for slab avalanche release, no simple analytical model considering weak-layer deformations is available. The proposed model provides deformations of the snow slab, weak-layer stresses and energy release rates of cracks within the weak layer. It generally applies to skier-loaded slopes as well as stability tests such as the propagation saw test. A validation with a numerical reference model shows very good agreement of the stress and energy release rate results in several parametric studies including analyses of the bridging effect and slope angle dependence. The proposed model is used to analyze 93 propagation saw tests. Computed weak-layer fracture toughness values are physically meaningful and in excellent agreement with finite element analyses. In the second part of the series (Rosendahl and Weißgraeber, 2020) we make use of the present mechanical model to establish a novel failure criterion crack nucleation in weak layers. The code used for the analyses in both parts is publicly available under https://github.com/2phi/weac (last access: 6 January 2020) (2phi, 2020). © 2020 Author(s). Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/164571
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: 2phi GbR, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Research and Advance Engineering, Renningen, Germany; ARENA2036 research campus, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Rosendahl P.L.,Weißgraeber P.. Modeling snow slab avalanches caused by weak-layer failure - Part 1: Slabs on compliant and collapsible weak layers[J]. Cryosphere,2020-01-01,14(1)