DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116320
论文题名: How do deep-water volcanoes grow?
作者: Sun Q. ; Magee C. ; Jackson C.A.-L. ; Mitchell S.J. ; Xie X.
刊名: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ISSN: 0012821X
出版年: 2020
卷: 542 语种: 英语
中文关键词: deep-water volcanoes
; erosion
; extrusion dynamics
; growth mechanism
; South China Sea
; volcanism
英文关键词: Bathymetry
; Degassing
; Hydrographic surveys
; Hydrostatic pressure
; Morphology
; Seismic waves
; Seismology
; Bathymetric survey
; Continental margin
; High hydrostatic pressure
; Hydrothermal fluids
; Internal structure
; Northern South China Sea
; Seismic reflection data
; Seismic reflections
; Volcanoes
; continental margin
; deep water
; lava
; magma
; ocean basin
; submarine volcano
; volcanic eruption
; volcanism
; Pacific Ocean
; South China Sea
英文摘要: Deep-water volcanoes are emplaced in water depths >1.0 km and are widespread along continental margins and in ocean basins. Whilst the external morphology of deep-water volcanoes can be mapped using bathymetric surveys, their internal structure and true volume remain enigmatic. It is thus difficult to determine how deep-water volcanoes grow. We investigate 13 Late Miocene-to-Quaternary, deep-water volcanoes that are imaged in 3D by seismic reflection data from the northern South China Sea, which allow us to quantify their external morphology and examine their internal structure. These deep-water volcanoes were emplaced in water depths >1.5 km, are relatively small (<3.0 km diameter, <0.56 km tall, and <0.92 km3 in volume), and have steep slopes (up to 42°). Most of the volcanoes have erosional, ‘crater-like’ bases, infilled with sub-horizontal seismic reflections. These crater-like bases are overlain by downward-converging, conical seismic reflections delineating the classical volcano morphology. We suggest the crater-like bases formed by excavation of cold, wet, and poorly consolidated near-seabed sediment during expulsion of hydrothermal fluid, and not by explosive magmatic eruptions or gravitational subsidence. Erupted igneous material infilled the precursor craters with the observed sub-horizontal layers, likely comprising hyaloclastites. After this initial phase of volcanism, the buildup of volcanic material produced layers that are now represented by the flank-parallel or downward-converging, conical seismic reflections. We suggest high hydrostatic pressures of >15 MPa, which are typical of water depths >1.5 km, inhibited degassing and fragmentation of ascending magma and thus erupted lava. This lack of degassing and fragmentation permitted effusive eruptions during the latter stages of volcanism. Our models for volcano growth in the deep submarine realm demonstrate the power of using 3D seismic data when investigating the internal structure and total volume of deep-water volcanoes. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/165294
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China; Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China; College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Basins Research Group (BRG), Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BP, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Sun Q.,Magee C.,Jackson C.A.-L.,et al. How do deep-water volcanoes grow?[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2020-01-01,542