globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103728
论文题名:
Biological albedo reduction on ice sheets, glaciers, and snowfields
作者: Hotaling S.; Lutz S.; Dial R.J.; Anesio A.M.; Benning L.G.; Fountain A.G.; Kelley J.L.; McCutcheon J.; Skiles S.M.; Takeuchi N.; Hamilton T.L.
刊名: Earth Science Reviews
ISSN: 00128252
出版年: 2021
卷: 220
语种: 英语
中文关键词: Biogeophysical feedback ; Cryoconite ; Cryosphere ; Glacier biology ; Ice algae ; Snow algae
英文关键词: Arthropoda ; Vertebrata
英文摘要: The global cryosphere, Earth's frozen water, is in precipitous decline. The ongoing and predicted impacts of cryosphere loss are diverse, ranging from disappearance of entire biomes to crises of water availability. Covering approximately one-fifth of the planet, mass loss from the terrestrial cryosphere is driven primarily by a warming atmosphere but reductions in albedo (the proportion of reflected light) also contribute by increasing absorption of solar radiation. In addition to dust and other abiotic impurities, biological communities substantially reduce albedo worldwide. In this review, we provide a global synthesis of biological albedo reduction (BAR) in terrestrial snow and ice ecosystems. We first focus on known drivers—algal blooms and cryoconite (granular sediment on the ice that includes both mineral and biological material)—as they account for much of the biological albedo variability in snow and ice habitats. We then consider an array of potential drivers of BAR whose impacts may be overlooked, such as arthropod deposition, resident organisms (e.g., dark-bodied glacier ice worms), and larger vertebrates, including humans, that transiently visit the cryosphere. We consider both primary (e.g., BAR due to the presence of pigmented algal cells) and indirect (e.g., nutrient addition from arthropod deposition) effects, as well as interactions among biological groups (e.g., birds feeding on ice worms). Collectively, we highlight that in many cases, overlooked drivers and interactions among factors have considerable potential to alter BAR, perhaps rivaling the direct effects of algal blooms and cryoconite. We conclude by highlighting knowledge gaps for the field with an emphasis on the underrepresentation of genomic tools, understudied areas (particularly high-elevation glaciers at tropical latitudes), and a dearth of temporal sampling in current efforts. We detail a global framework for long-term BAR monitoring that, if implemented, would yield a tremendous amount of insight for BAR and would be particularly valuable in light of the rapid ecological and physical changes occurring in the contemporary cryosphere. © 2021
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/166419
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States; GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, 14473, Germany; Institute of Culture and Environment, Alaska Pacific University, Anchorage, AK, United States; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark; Department of Earth Sciences, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, 12249, Germany; Departments of Geology and Geography, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States; Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology and The BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States

Recommended Citation:
Hotaling S.,Lutz S.,Dial R.J.,et al. Biological albedo reduction on ice sheets, glaciers, and snowfields[J]. Earth Science Reviews,2021-01-01,220
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