| DOI: | 10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112140
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| 论文题名: | Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook |
| 作者: | Giraudet L.-G.; Bourgeois C.; Quirion P.
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| 刊名: | Energy Policy
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| ISSN: | 03014215
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| 出版年: | 2021
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| 卷: | 151 | | 语种: | 英语
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| 中文关键词: | Carbon tax
; Energy efficiency subsidies
; Energy-economy modelling
; Fuel poverty
; Rebound effect
; Res-IRF model
; Residential heating
; White certificate obligations
; Zero-interest rate loans
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| 英文关键词: | Carbon
; Cost effectiveness
; Economic and social effects
; Emission control
; Energy conservation
; Heating
; Housing
; Investments
; Taxation
; Economic efficiency
; Energy retrofit
; Energy saving targets
; Energy-economy models
; Private investment
; Residential heating
; Technological process
; White certificates
; Costs
; affordable housing
; energy efficiency
; energy policy
; energy resource
; environmental economics
; environmental policy
; heating
; interest rate
; policy analysis
; pollution tax
; rental sector
; residential energy
; France
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| 英文摘要: | Energy demand for residential heating is targeted in France by a number of subsidy programmes (tax credits, zero-interest loans, reduced VAT, white certificates) and the carbon tax. We assess the cost-effectiveness and distributional impacts of these policies using Res-IRF, an energy-economy model that integrates relevant economic, behavioural and technological processes. We find that, without further specification of revenue recycling, the carbon tax is the most effective, yet most regressive, policy. Subsidy programmes save energy at a cost of €0.05–0.08 per lifetime discounted kilowatt-hour, or €300–800/tCO2-eq; one euro of public money spent on subsidy programmes induces €1.0–1.4 private investment in home energy retrofits. Targeting subsidies towards low-income households, who tend to live in energy inefficient dwellings, increases leverage, thus reconciling economic efficiency and equity. The public cost of subsidies – €3 billion in 2013 – is outweighed by carbon tax proceeds from 2025 onwards, were the tax rate to grow as initially planned by the government. Meeting the long-term energy saving targets set by the government however requires adjusting subsidy programmes to better address rental housing. Lastly, an order-of-magnitude discrepancy between simulated and observed numbers of zero-interest loans points to economic and psychological barriers that require further investigation. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/167784
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: | Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, CIRED, France; CNRS, CIRED, France
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Giraudet L.-G.,Bourgeois C.,Quirion P.. Policies for low-carbon and affordable home heating: A French outlook[J]. Energy Policy,2021-01-01,151
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