| DOI: | 10.1038/s41561-020-0553-x
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| 论文题名: | Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced |
| 作者: | Oryan B.; Buck W.R.
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| 刊名: | Nature Geoscience
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| ISSN: | 17520894
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| 出版年: | 2020
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| 卷: | 13, 期:4 | | 起始页码: | 319
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| 结束页码: | 324
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | aftershock
; dip-slip fault
; plate tectonics
; slab
; Sumatra earthquake 2004
; thrust
; timescale
; Tohoku earthquake 2011
; tsunami
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| 英文摘要: | A subset of megathrust earthquakes produce anomalously large tsunamis for their magnitude. All of these recorded ‘tsunami earthquakes’ in the past 50 years had extensional aftershocks in the upper plate. These include the two largest and most destructive earthquakes of that period, the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman and the 2011 Tohoku events. Evidence from the region of Tohoku indicates that normal fault slip in the upper plate during the earthquake may have contributed to the tsunami size. Here we present a numerical model that shows how a reduction of the dip of a subducting slab, on a timescale of millions of years, can result in an extensional fault failure above a megathrust earthquake on timescales of seconds to months. Slab dip reduction bends the upper plate so that the shallow part fails in extension when a megathrust rupture relieves compressional stress. This results in a distribution of extensional aftershocks comparable to that seen above the Tohoku megathrust. Volcanic arc migration and uplift data for Tohoku and several other tsunami earthquakes is consistent with slab dip reduction. The collection of more such data might identify other areas of tsunami hazard related to slab dip reduction. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/169657
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: | Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Earth Institute at Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Oryan B.,Buck W.R.. Larger tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes where slab dip is reduced[J]. Nature Geoscience,2020-01-01,13(4)
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