Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States; United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA, United States; Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, United States; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States