| DOI: | 10.1038/s41561-020-00654-4
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| 论文题名: | Continuum of earthquake rupture speeds enabled by oblique slip |
| 作者: | Weng H.; Ampuero J.-P.
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| 刊名: | Nature Geoscience
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| ISSN: | 17520894
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| 出版年: | 2020
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| 卷: | 13, 期:12 | | 起始页码: | 817
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| 结束页码: | 821
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | dip-slip fault
; earthquake rupture
; energy dissipation
; fracture mechanics
; numerical model
; seismic hazard
; slip rate
; three-dimensional modeling
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| 英文摘要: | Earthquake rupture speed can affect ground shaking and therefore seismic hazard. Seismological observations show that large earthquakes span a continuum of rupture speeds, from slower than Rayleigh waves up to P-wave speed, and include speeds that are predicted to be unstable by two-dimensional theory. This discrepancy between observations and theory has not yet been reconciled by a quantitative model. Here we present numerical simulations that show that long ruptures with oblique slip (both strike-slip and dip-slip components) can propagate steadily at various speeds, including those previously suggested to be unstable. The obliqueness of slip and the ratio of fracture energy to static energy release rate primarily control the propagation speed of long ruptures. We find that the effects of these controls on rupture speed can be predicted by extending the three-dimensional theory of fracture mechanics to long ruptures with oblique slip. This model advances our ability to interpret supershear earthquakes, to constrain the energy ratio of faults based on observed rupture speed and rake angle, and to relate the potential rupture speed and size of future earthquakes to the observed slip deficit along faults. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/169696
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: | Université Côte d’Azur, IRD, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Géoazur, Sophia Antipolis, France
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Weng H.,Ampuero J.-P.. Continuum of earthquake rupture speeds enabled by oblique slip[J]. Nature Geoscience,2020-01-01,13(12)
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