| DOI: | 10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228640
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| 论文题名: | Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing |
| 作者: | Riazi N.; Eaton D.W.
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| 刊名: | Tectonophysics
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| ISSN: | 00401951
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| 出版年: | 2020
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| 卷: | 795 | | 语种: | 英语
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| 中文关键词: | Earthquake depth
; Fault imaging
; Focal Induced seismicity
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| 英文关键词: | Earthquakes
; Faulting
; Fracture
; Hydraulic fracturing
; Risk analysis
; Risk assessment
; Seismic waves
; Structural geology
; Earthquake triggering
; Fault activations
; Fault architecture
; Fracturing operations
; High resolution seismic
; Pressure diffusion
; Spatial uncertainty
; Spatiotemporal patterns
; Induced Seismicity
; active fault
; earthquake hypocenter
; earthquake trigger
; hydraulic fracturing
; microearthquake
; seismicity
; spatial distribution
; thrust
; British Columbia
; Canada
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| 英文摘要: | Tectonically active fault networks are often inter-connected, but in the case of injection-induced seismicity, prior knowledge of fault architecture tends to be severely limited. In most cases, reactivated faults due to fluid injection are inferred, after-the-fact, by the spatial distribution of induced-seismicity hypocenters; such reliance on post-injection seismicity impedes any pre-operational risk analysis, as well as development of a more holistic understanding of fault-system models. By combining high-resolution, depth-migrated 3-D seismic data with a new focal-depth estimation method that reduces spatial uncertainty of hypocenters, this study pinpoints microearthquake fault activation within a buried thrust belt in the Montney Formation in western Canada (British Columbia). During hydraulic-fracturing operations, rupture nucleation occurred on seismically imaged thrust ramps that cut through the Debolt Formation, a massive carbonate layer that underlies the stimulated zone. High-resolution seismic images reveal transverse structures, interpreted as basement-controlled fold hinges or tear faults that transferred displacement between thrust faults during Late Cretaceous - Paleogene compressional shortening. The spatio-temporal pattern of induced seismicity suggests that these transverse structures provide permeable pathways for aseismic pore-pressure diffusion, thus connecting distinct thrust faults and enabling earthquake triggering on a timescale of days and at distances of up to 2 km from the injection wells. Inferred relationships highlight how the fault system is connected, including apparent stress concentrations at the intersections of transverse structures and orogen-parallel thrust ramps. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/170695
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: | Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Riazi N.,Eaton D.W.. Anatomy of a buried thrust belt activated during hydraulic fracturing[J]. Tectonophysics,2020-01-01,795
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