DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2021.228834
论文题名: Coseismic slickenlines record the emergence of multiple rupture fronts during a surface-breaking earthquake
作者: Macklin C. ; Kaneko Y. ; Kearse J.
刊名: Tectonophysics
ISSN: 00401951
出版年: 2021
卷: 808 语种: 英语
中文关键词: Earthquake dynamics
; Earthquake geology
; Fault mechanics
; Fault slickenlines
英文关键词: 3D modeling
; Faulting
; Dynamic rupture models
; Earthquake dynamics
; Earthquake rupture
; Elastic half space
; Fault displacement
; Field observations
; Low velocity layers
; Rupture propagation
; Earthquakes
; continental breakup
; earthquake event
; earthquake magnitude
; earthquake rupture
; fault zone
; inversion tectonics
英文摘要: Coseismic changes in slip direction recorded by curved slickenlines on fault surfaces are commonly observed following surface-breaking earthquakes. Such observations represent a dynamic record of seismic slip and may provide a new set of constraints on the evolution of propagating rupture and hence earthquake dynamics. We test this hypothesis by conducting dynamic rupture simulations of the 2011 Mw 6.6 Fukushima-Hamadori Earthquake (Japan). These simulations aim to reproduce the well-documented field observations of curved slickenlines that formed during coseismic fault displacement at the ground surface. We consider relatively simple dynamic rupture models with a dipping fault embedded into a homogeneous or layered elastic halfspace. Among a wide range of model parameters tested, we find a model with shallow (<1.5 km) low-velocity layers derived from a regional 3D velocity model combined with a depth-dependent prestress result in curved slip trajectories that closely match slickenline observations. This same model also generates a slip distribution and rupture propagation direction consistent with published inversions constrained by seismological and geodetic data. Furthermore, the characteristics of slickenline curvature are consistent with theoretically predicted earthquake rupture direction. Unlike previous theoretical studies, coseismic changes in rake angle occur due to the emergence of multiple slip fronts within the shallow low-velocity medium. Our results indicate that on-fault geological observations can supplement seismological studies of earthquake rupture evolution beyond traditional datasets. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/170857
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: GNS Science, 1 Fairway Drive, Lower Hutt, New Zealand; Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, New Zealand; Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Recommended Citation:
Macklin C.,Kaneko Y.,Kearse J.. Coseismic slickenlines record the emergence of multiple rupture fronts during a surface-breaking earthquake[J]. Tectonophysics,2021-01-01,808