DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2021.228870
论文题名: Normal fault reactivation during multiphase extension: Analogue models and application to the Turkana depression, East Africa
作者: Wang L. ; Maestrelli D. ; Corti G. ; Zou Y. ; Shen C.
刊名: Tectonophysics
ISSN: 00401951
出版年: 2021
卷: 811 语种: 英语
中文关键词: Analogue models
; Continental rifting
; Multiphase rifting
; Pre-existing faults
; Turkana depression
英文关键词: Corundum
; Extrapolation
; Mixtures
; Analogue models
; East African Rift
; Fault reactivation
; Laboratory experiments
; Model results
; Normal faults
; Sand mixture
; Upper crust
; Fault slips
; analog model
; extensional tectonics
; normal fault
; rift zone
; rifting
; Atlantic Ocean
; Kenya
; North Sea
; Turkana
英文摘要: We present crustal scale physical analogue models of multiphase rifting to provide new constraints on the role exerted by faults formed during early extension on structures developed during later episodes of rifting. Our laboratory experiments (sand mixture is used to simulate the upper crust and PDMS-Corundum mixture is used to simulate the lower crust) are inspired by the Turkana depression in the East African Rift System, a natural case of rift zone developed through multiple extensional phases. The models reproduce a first rifting phase with NE-SW extension direction followed by a phase of W-E trending extension. In the experiments, we varied the amount of extension during the initial phase, which caused variations in the development and prominence of sets NW-SE normal faults, representing pre-existing faults to be potentially reactivated during the later rifting phase. Our model results indicate that the amount of extension in the early phase is critical in controlling the reactivation: the greater the amount of extension in the 1st-phase, the more important early faults are, and the easier these 1st-phase normal faults are reactivated during the 2nd-phase. At a local scale, fault reactivation may result in faults with a typical zigzag pattern, whose importance increases with the increase in the amount of extension during the early phase. Extrapolation of model results to the Turkana depression suggests that large-scale fault reactivation is unlikely to have occurred in the region, possibly implying that the Cretaceous-Early Paleogene extension was limited in the central part of Turkana depression. Results have been also extrapolated to other regions interested by multiphase rifting, such as basins in the North Sea rift. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/170917
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of the Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Via G. La Pira, 4, Firenze, Italy
Recommended Citation:
Wang L.,Maestrelli D.,Corti G.,et al. Normal fault reactivation during multiphase extension: Analogue models and application to the Turkana depression, East Africa[J]. Tectonophysics,2021-01-01,811