globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089619
论文题名:
Seasonal Carbonate Chemistry Covariation with Temperature, Oxygen, and Salinity in a Fjord Estuary: Implications for the Design of Ocean Acidification Experiments
作者: Jonathan C. P. Reum; Simone R. Alin; Richard A. Feely; Jan Newton; Mark Warner; Paul McElhany
刊名: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
出版年: 2014
发表日期: 2014-2-19
卷: 9, 期:2
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Carbonates ; Oxygen ; Carbon dioxide ; Salinity ; Chemical ecology ; Marine chemistry ; Aragonite ; Marine ecology
英文摘要: Carbonate chemistry variability is often poorly characterized in coastal regions and patterns of covariation with other biologically important variables such as temperature, oxygen concentration, and salinity are rarely evaluated. This absence of information hampers the design and interpretation of ocean acidification experiments that aim to characterize biological responses to future pCO2 levels relative to contemporary conditions. Here, we analyzed a large carbonate chemistry data set from Puget Sound, a fjord estuary on the U.S. west coast, and included measurements from three seasons (winter, summer, and fall). pCO2 exceeded the 2008–2011 mean atmospheric level (392 µatm) at all depths and seasons sampled except for the near-surface waters (< 10 m) in the summer. Further, undersaturated conditions with respect to the biogenic carbonate mineral aragonite were widespread (Ωar<1). We show that pCO2 values were relatively uniform throughout the water column and across regions in winter, enriched in subsurface waters in summer, and in the fall some values exceeded 2500 µatm in near-surface waters. Carbonate chemistry covaried to differing levels with temperature and oxygen depending primarily on season and secondarily on region. Salinity, which varied little (27 to 31), was weakly correlated with carbonate chemistry. We illustrate potential high-frequency changes in carbonate chemistry, temperature, and oxygen conditions experienced simultaneously by organisms in Puget Sound that undergo diel vertical migrations under present-day conditions. We used simple calculations to estimate future pCO2 and Ωar values experienced by diel vertical migrators based on an increase in atmospheric CO2. Given the potential for non-linear interactions between pCO2 and other abiotic variables on physiological and ecological processes, our results provide a basis for identifying control conditions in ocean acidification experiments for this region, but also highlight the wide range of carbonate chemistry conditions organisms may currently experience in this and similar coastal ecosystems.
URL: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089619&type=printable
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/19675
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建
影响、适应和脆弱性
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略
全球变化的国际研究计划
气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America;Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America;Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America;Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America;School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America;Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Recommended Citation:
Jonathan C. P. Reum,Simone R. Alin,Richard A. Feely,et al. Seasonal Carbonate Chemistry Covariation with Temperature, Oxygen, and Salinity in a Fjord Estuary: Implications for the Design of Ocean Acidification Experiments[J]. PLOS ONE,2014-01-01,9(2)
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