globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092591
论文题名:
The Beginning of Metallurgy in the Southern Levant: A Late 6th Millennium CalBC Copper Awl from Tel Tsaf, Israel
作者: Yosef Garfinkel; Florian Klimscha; Sariel Shalev; Danny Rosenberg
刊名: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
出版年: 2014
发表日期: 2014-3-26
卷: 9, 期:3
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Copper ; Metallurgy ; Archaeology ; Archaeological dating ; Tin ; Corrosion ; Paleoanthropology ; Sediment
英文摘要: The beginning of metallurgy in the ancient Near East attracts much attention. The southern Levant, with the rich assemblage of copper artifacts from the Nahal Mishmar cave and the unique gold rings of the Nahal Qanah cave, is regarded as a main center of early metallurgy during the second half of the 5th millennium CalBC. However, a recently discovered copper awl from a Middle Chalcolithic burial at Tel Tsaf, Jordan Valley, Israel, suggests that cast metal technology was introduced to the region as early as the late 6th millennium CalBC. This paper examines the chemical composition of this item and reviews its context. The results indicate that it was exported from a distant source, probably in the Caucasus, and that the location where it was found is indicative of the social status of the buried individual. This rare finding indicates that metallurgy was first defused to the southern Levant through exchange networks and only centuries later involved local production. This copper awl, the earliest metal artifact found in the southern Levant, indicates that the elaborate Late Chalcolithic metallurgy developed from a more ancient tradition.
URL: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0092591&type=printable
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/20100
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建
影响、适应和脆弱性
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略
全球变化的国际研究计划
气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel;German Archaeological Institute, Eurasia Department, Berlin, Germany;Department of Archaeology, Department for Maritime Civilizations, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel;Laboratory for Groundstone Tools Research, Zinman Institute of Archaeology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel

Recommended Citation:
Yosef Garfinkel,Florian Klimscha,Sariel Shalev,et al. The Beginning of Metallurgy in the Southern Levant: A Late 6th Millennium CalBC Copper Awl from Tel Tsaf, Israel[J]. PLOS ONE,2014-01-01,9(3)
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