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DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0140407
论文题名:	Mushrooms as Rainmakers: How Spores Act as Nuclei for Raindrops
作者:	Maribeth O. Hassett; Mark W. F. Fischer; Nicholas P. Money
刊名:	PLOS ONE
ISSN:	1932-6203
出版年:	2015
发表日期:	2015-10-28
卷:	10, 期:10
语种:	英语
英文关键词:	Fungal spores ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Condensation ; Rain ; Adaxial surface ; Fungi ; Humidity ; Mannitol
英文摘要:	Millions of tons of fungal spores are dispersed in the atmosphere every year. These living cells, along with plant spores and pollen grains, may act as nuclei for condensation of water in clouds. Basidiospores released by mushrooms form a significant proportion of these aerosols, particularly above tropical forests. Mushroom spores are discharged from gills by the rapid displacement of a droplet of fluid on the cell surface. This droplet is formed by the condensation of water on the spore surface stimulated by the secretion of mannitol and other hygroscopic sugars. This fluid is carried with the spore during discharge, but evaporates once the spore is airborne. Using environmental electron microscopy, we have demonstrated that droplets reform on spores in humid air. The kinetics of this process suggest that basidiospores are especially effective as nuclei for the formation of large water drops in clouds. Through this mechanism, mushroom spores may promote rainfall in ecosystems that support large populations of ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic basidiomycetes. Our research heightens interest in the global significance of the fungi and raises additional concerns about the sustainability of forests that depend on heavy precipitation.
URL:	http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0140407&type=printable
Citation statistics:
资源类型:	期刊论文
标识符:	http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/20654
Appears in Collections:	过去全球变化的重建影响、适应和脆弱性科学计划与规划气候变化与战略全球变化的国际研究计划气候减缓与适应气候变化事实与影响

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File Name/ File Size	Content Type	Version	Access	License
journal.pone.0140407.PDF（5401KB）	期刊论文	作者接受稿	开放获取	CC BY-NC-SA	View Download

作者单位:

Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States of America;Department of Chemistry and Physical Science, Mount St. Joseph University, Cincinnati, Ohio 45233, United States of America;Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States of America;Western Program, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States of America

Recommended Citation:

Maribeth O. Hassett,Mark W. F. Fischer,Nicholas P. Money. Mushrooms as Rainmakers: How Spores Act as Nuclei for Raindrops[J]. PLOS ONE,2015-01-01,10(10)

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