High-quality out-of-school-time (OST) programs have a positive effect on youth development, but many cities have found it difficult to address the challenges of expanding and improving the quality of programs offered to underserved and high-need students.
Jennifer Sloan McCombs,Susan J. Bodilly,Nate Orr,et al. Hours of Opportunity, Volume 3: Profiles of Five Cities Improving After-School Programs Through a Systems Approach. 2010-01-01.