DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0562.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85021074705
论文题名: Evolution of winter temperature in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: A case study of winters 2013/14 and 2014/15
作者: Anderson C.I. ; Gough W.A.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2017
卷: 30, 期: 14 起始页码: 5361
结束页码: 5376
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climate models
; Climatology
; History
; Time series
; Diurnal temperature ranges
; Mann-Kendall test
; Ontario , Canada
; Polar jet streams
; Slope estimation
; Trends
; Urban heat island
; Winter/cool seasons
; Climate change
英文摘要: Globally, 2014 and 2015 were the two warmest years on record. At odds with these global records, eastern Canada experienced pronounced annual cold anomalies in both 2014 and 2015, especially during the 2013/14 and 2014/15 winters. This study sought to contextualize these cold winters within a larger climate context in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Toronto winter temperatures (maximum Tmax, minimum Tmin, and mean Tmean) for the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons were ranked among all winters for three periods: 1840/41-2015 (175 winters), 1955/56-2015 (60 winters), and 1985/86-2015 (30 winters), and the average warming trend for each temperature metric during these three periods was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Thiel-Sen slope estimation. The winters of 2013/14 and 2014/15 were the 34th and 36th coldest winters in Toronto since record-keeping began in 1840; however these events are much rarer, relatively, over shorter periods of history. Overall, Toronto winter temperatures have warmed considerably since winter 1840/41. The Mann-Kendall analysis showed statistically significant monotonic trends in winter Tmax, Tmin, and Tmean over the last 175 and 60 years. These trends notwithstanding, there has been no clear signal in Toronto winter temperature since 1985/86. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the diurnal temperature range in that period, indicating an expansion of winter extremes. It is proposed that the possible saturation of urban heat island-related warming in Toronto may partially explain this increase in variation. Also, anomalies in the position of the polar jet stream over Toronto during these cold events are identified. No direct influence of major teleconnections on Toronto winter temperature is found. © 2017 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/48823
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Scarborough, ON, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Anderson C.I.,Gough W.A.. Evolution of winter temperature in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: A case study of winters 2013/14 and 2014/15[J]. Journal of Climate,2017-01-01,30(14)