DOI: 10.5194/cp-12-575-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84959471372
论文题名: Impacts of climate and humans on the vegetation in northwestern Turkey: Palynological insights from Lake Iznik since the Last Glacial
作者: Miebach A. ; Niestrath P. ; Roeser P. ; Litt T.
刊名: Climate of the Past
ISSN: 18149324
出版年: 2016
卷: 12, 期: 2 起始页码: 575
结束页码: 593
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: anthropogenic effect
; climate conditions
; climate effect
; climate variation
; community dynamics
; forest-steppe
; Holocene
; Last Glacial
; paleoclimate
; paleoecology
; palynology
; reconstruction
; settlement history
; tree
; vegetation history
; Bursa [Turkey]
; Iznik Lake
; Marmara [Turkey]
; Turkey
英文摘要: The Marmara region in northwestern Turkey provides a unique opportunity for studying the vegetation history in response to climate changes and anthropogenic impacts because of its location between different climate and vegetation zones and its long settlement history. Geochemical and mineralogical investigations of the largest lake in the region, Lake Iznik, already registered climate-related changes of the lake level and the lake mixing. However, a palynological investigation encompassing the Late Pleistocene to Middle Holocene was still missing. Here, we present the first pollen record of the last ca. 31 ka cal BP (calibrated kilo years before 1950) inferred from Lake Iznik sediments as an independent proxy for paleoecological reconstructions. Our study reveals that the vegetation in the Iznik area changed generally between (a) steppe during glacials and stadials indicating dry and cold climatic conditions, (b) forest-steppe during interstadials indicating milder and moister climatic conditions, and (c) oak-dominated mesic forest during interglacials indicating warm and moist climatic conditions. Moreover, a pronounced succession of pioneer trees, cold temperate, warm temperate, and Mediterranean trees appeared since the Lateglacial. Rapid climate changes, which are reflected by vegetation changes, can be correlated with Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events such as DO-4, DO-3, and DO-1, the Younger Dryas, and probably also the 8.2 event. Since the mid-Holocene, the vegetation was influenced by anthropogenic activities. During early settlement phases, the distinction between climate-induced and human-induced changes of the vegetation is challenging. Still, evidence for human activities consolidates since the Early Bronze Age (ca. 4.8 ka cal BP): cultivated trees, crops, and secondary human indicator taxa appeared, and forests were cleared. Subsequent fluctuations between extensive agricultural uses and regenerations of the natural vegetation become apparent. © 2016 Author(s). Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/49049
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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Recommended Citation:
Miebach A.,Niestrath P.,Roeser P.,et al. Impacts of climate and humans on the vegetation in northwestern Turkey: Palynological insights from Lake Iznik since the Last Glacial[J]. Climate of the Past,2016-01-01,12(2)