DOI: 10.5194/cp-12-137-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84958729619
论文题名: The relationship between climate change and wars waged between nomadic and farming groups from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty period
作者: Su Y. ; Liu L. ; Fang X.Q. ; Ma Y.N.
刊名: Climate of the Past
ISSN: 18149324
出版年: 2016
卷: 12, 期: 1 起始页码: 137
结束页码: 150
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: agricultural history
; agricultural production
; agricultural worker
; climate variation
; cold region
; historical time (human history)
; nomadic people
; population migration
; social conflict
; war
; China
; Animalia
英文摘要: In ancient China, shifts in regional productivity of agriculture and animal husbandry, caused by climate change, either led to wars or peaceful relations between nomadic and farming groups. During the period spanning the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, 367 wars were waged between these groups. While 69% of the wars were initiated by nomads, 62.4% were won by the farming groups. On a centennial timescale, the battlegrounds were mostly in northern areas (at an average latitude of 38.92°N) during warm periods, moving southward (at an average latitude of 34.66°N) during cold periods. On a decadal timescale, warm climates corresponded to a high incidence of wars (a correlation coefficient of 0.293). While farming groups were inclined to initiate wars during dry and cold periods, their chances of achieving victory were reduced at such times. The main reasons for this are, first, that a warm climate provided a solid material foundation for nomadic and farming groups, contributing especially to enhanced productivity among the former. However, the overriding desire of nomadic groups to expand essential subsistence means led to wars. Second, during cold periods, farming groups moved to and settled in the south, while nomadic groups occupied the Central Plain. Thus, the locations of the battlefields also changed. While other factors also influenced these wars, climate change served as a backdrop, playing an indirect role in wars between these groups. © Author(s) 2016. 资助项目: NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China
; NSFC, National Natural Science Foundation of China
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/49071
Appears in Collections: 气候变化与战略
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Recommended Citation:
Su Y.,Liu L.,Fang X.Q.,et al. The relationship between climate change and wars waged between nomadic and farming groups from the Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty period[J]. Climate of the Past,2016-01-01,12(1)