DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0614.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85014520643
论文题名: Spatial distribution of generation of Lorenz's available potential energy in a global climate model
作者: Ahbe E. ; Caldeira K.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2017
卷: 30, 期: 6 起始页码: 2089
结束页码: 2101
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Carbon dioxide
; Dynamics
; Geographical distribution
; Kinetic energy
; Kinetics
; Molecular physics
; Potential energy
; Atmospheric circulation
; Atmospheric kinetics
; Global climate model
; Intertropical convergence zone
; Polar Regions
; Seasonal distributions
; Shortwave warming
; Upper troposphere
; Climate models
; atmospheric circulation
; climate modeling
; global climate
; kinetic energy
; polar region
; potential energy
; spatial distribution
; temperature gradient
; troposphere
; Pacific Ocean
英文摘要: Previous studies have estimated global available potential energy (APE) and global APE generation, but no study has focused on the geographic distribution of contributions to global APE and APE generation. To obtain the information needed for this analysis, simulations were performed using the NCAR CESM1.0.4 climate model. Based on these simulation results, maps of the spatial and seasonal distribution of APE contributions and APE generation in the atmosphere were obtained from the analysis. APE is generated by processes that cool relatively cool areas or warm relatively warm areas. It was found that there are two regions of the mid- to upper troposphere that contribute primarily to APE generation: 1) the tropics, especially the western tropical Pacific, owing largely to latent heat released in the intertropical convergence zone, and 2) the polar regions, especially in the relatively cold polar night, where longwave cooling is not offset by shortwave warming. It was also found that these qualitative results are largely insensitive to the assumptions examined regarding the treatment of topography in the atmosphere. Further, the analysis was extended to calculate how APE and APE generation is changed in a 4 × CO2 climate relative to a 1 × CO2 climate. It was found that in the high-CO2 climate, APE decreased by 7.0% and APE generation decreased by 10.1%. This is consistent with expectations based on decreased equator-to-pole temperature gradients in warmer climates. The methods, results, and analysis presented here should prove useful in helping to build a better understanding of controls on atmospheric kinetic energy. © 2017 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/49803
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Ahbe E.,Caldeira K.. Spatial distribution of generation of Lorenz's available potential energy in a global climate model[J]. Journal of Climate,2017-01-01,30(6)