DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0501.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84960905677
论文题名: The response of the Southern Ocean and Antarctic sea ice to freshwater from ice shelves in an earth system model
作者: Pauling A.G. ; Bitz C.M. ; Smith I.J. ; Langhorne P.J.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2016
卷: 29, 期: 5 起始页码: 1655
结束页码: 1672
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climate models
; Glaciers
; Oceanography
; Sea ice
; Surface waters
; Water
; Antarctica
; Freshwater
; General circulation model
; Geographic location
; Ice shelves
; Oceanic mixed layers
; Ice
; freshwater input
; general circulation model
; ice sheet
; ice shelf
; mixed layer
; sea ice
; Antarctica
; Southern Ocean
英文摘要: The possibility that recent Antarctic sea ice expansion resulted from an increase in freshwater reaching the Southern Ocean is investigated here. The freshwater flux from ice sheet and ice shelf mass imbalance is largely missing in models that participated in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). However, on average, precipitation minus evaporation (P2E) reaching the Southern Ocean has increased inCMIP5 models to a present value that is about 2600 Gt yr-1 greater than preindustrial times and 5-22 times larger than estimates of themass imbalance of Antarctic ice sheets and shelves (119-544Gt yr-1). Two sets of experiments were conducted from 1980 to 2013 in CESM1(CAM5), one of the CMIP5 models, artificially distributing freshwater either at the ocean surface to mimic iceberg melt or at the ice shelf fronts at depth.An anomalous reduction in vertical advection of heat into the surface mixed layer resulted in sea surface cooling at high southern latitudes and an associated increase in sea ice area. Enhancing the freshwater input by an amount within the range of estimates of the Antarctic mass imbalance did not have any significant effect on either sea ice area magnitude or trend. Freshwater enhancement of 2000 Gt yr-1 raised the total sea ice area by 1 × 106km2, yet this and even an enhancement of 3000Gt yr-1 was insufficient to offset the sea ice decline due to anthropogenic forcing for any period of 20 years or longer. Further, the sea ice response was found to be insensitive to the depth of freshwater injection. © 2016 American Meteorological Society. 资助项目: NSF, National Science Foundation
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/50117
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Pauling A.G.,Bitz C.M.,Smith I.J.,et al. The response of the Southern Ocean and Antarctic sea ice to freshwater from ice shelves in an earth system model[J]. Journal of Climate,2016-01-01,29(5)