DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0675.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84977513828
论文题名: On the abruptness of Bølling-Allerød warming
作者: Su Z. ; Ingersoll A.P. ; He F.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2016
卷: 29, 期: 13 起始页码: 4965
结束页码: 4975
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climate models
; Kinetic energy
; Kinetics
; Molecular physics
; Oceanography
; Reservoirs (water)
; Surface waters
; Bottom currents/bottom waters
; Convective available potential energies
; Deep convection
; General circulation model
; Intermediate depths
; Large vertical displacement
; Paleoclimates
; Vertical velocity
; Potential energy
; bottom current
; general circulation model
; meteorology
; oceanic circulation
; oceanic convection
; sea surface temperature
; warming
; Atlantic Ocean
; Atlantic Ocean (North)
英文摘要: Previous observations and simulations suggest that an approximate 3°-5°C warming occurred at intermediate depths in the North Atlantic over several millennia during Heinrich stadial 1 (HS1), which induces warm salty water (WSW) lying beneath surface cold freshwater. This arrangement eventually generates ocean convective available potential energy (OCAPE), the maximum potential energy releasable by adiabatic vertical parcel rearrangements in an ocean column. The authors find that basin-scale OCAPE starts to appear in the North Atlantic (~67.5°-73.5°N) and builds up over decades at the end of HS1 with a magnitude of about 0.05 J kg-1. OCAPE provides a key kinetic energy source for thermobaric cabbeling convection (TCC). Using a high-resolution TCC-resolved regional model, it is found that this decadal-scale accumulation of OCAPE ultimately overshoots its intrinsic threshold and is released abruptly (~1 month) into kinetic energy of TCC, with further intensification from cabbeling. TCC has convective plumes with approximately 0.2-1-km horizontal scales and large vertical displacements (~1 km), which make TCC difficult to be resolved or parameterized by current general circulation models. The simulation herein indicates that these local TCC events are spread quickly throughout the OCAPE-contained basin by internal wave perturbations. Their convective plumes have large vertical velocities (~8-15 cm s-1) and bring the WSW to the surface, causing an approximate 2°C sea surface warming for the whole basin (~700 km) within a month. This exposes a huge heat reservoir to the atmosphere, which helps to explain the abrupt Bølling-Allerød warming. © 2016 American Meteorological Society. 资助项目: NOAA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
; NSF, National Science Foundation
; NSF, National Science Foundation
; DOE, U.S. Department of Energy
Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/50264
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Center for Climatic Research, Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States; College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Recommended Citation:
Su Z.,Ingersoll A.P.,He F.. On the abruptness of Bølling-Allerød warming[J]. Journal of Climate,2016-01-01,29(13)