DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00251.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84893197168
论文题名: ENSO in the mid-holocene according to CSM and hadCM3
作者: Roberts W.H.G. ; Battisti D.S. ; Tudhope A.W.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2014
卷: 27, 期: 3 起始页码: 1223
结束页码: 1242
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric heating
; Bjerknes feedback
; Climate system model
; Horizontal surfaces
; Ocean-atmosphere models
; Ocean-atmosphere system
; Spatial structure
; Spatiotemporal variability
; Atmospheric pressure
; Climate models
; Climatology
; Oceanography
; Stream flow
; Wind stress
; Computer simulation
; atmosphere-ocean coupling
; climate modeling
; climate variation
; El Nino-Southern Oscillation
; heating
; Holocene
; paleoclimate
; spatiotemporal analysis
; temperature anomaly
; wind stress
英文摘要: The offline linearized ocean-atmosphere model (LOAM), which was developed to quantify the impact of the climatological mean state on the variability of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), is used to illuminate why ENSO changed between the modern-day and early/mid-Holocene simulations in two climate modeling studies using the NCAR Climate System Model (CSM) and the Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3). LOAM reproduces the spatiotemporal variability simulated by the climate models and shows both the reduction in the variance of ENSO and the changes in the spatial structure of the variance during the early/mid-Holocene. The mean state changes that are important in each model are different and, in both cases, are also different from those hypothesized to be important in the original papers describing these simulations. In the CSM simulations, the ENSO mode is stabilized by the mean cooling of the SST. This reduces atmospheric heating anomalies that in turn give smaller wind stress anomalies, thus weakening the Bjerknes feedback. Within the ocean, a change in the thermocline structure alters the spatial pattern of the variance, shifting the peak variance farther east, but does not reduce the overall amount of ENSO variance. In HadCM3, the ENSO mode is stabilized by a combination of a weaker thermocline and weakened horizontal surface currents. Both of these reduce the Bjerknes feedback by reducing the ocean's SST response to wind stress forcing. This study demonstrates the importance of considering the combined effect of a mean state change on the coupled ocean-atmosphere system: conflicting and erroneous results are obtained for both models if only one model component is considered in isolation. © 2014 American Meteorological Society. 资助项目: NOAA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/50942
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol, United Kingdom; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Roberts W.H.G.,Battisti D.S.,Tudhope A.W.. ENSO in the mid-holocene according to CSM and hadCM3[J]. Journal of Climate,2014-01-01,27(3)