DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00401.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84878116636
论文题名: A global climatology of tropical moisture exports
作者: Knippertz P. ; Wernli H. ; Gläser G.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2013
卷: 26, 期: 10 起始页码: 3031
结束页码: 3045
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Eastern pacific Ocean
; European centre for medium-range weather forecasts
; Northern hemisphere
; Rossby wave activity
; South atlantic convergence zones
; South pacific convergence zones
; Southern Annular Mode
; Western indian oceans
; International trade
; Moisture
; Ocean currents
; Tropics
; Weather forecasting
; Climatology
; air-sea interaction
; climatology
; convergence
; El Nino
; moisture flux
; Northern Hemisphere
; precipitation assessment
; Rossby wave
; Southern Hemisphere
; tropical meteorology
; troposphere
; water vapor
; Atlantic Ocean
; Atlantic Ocean (South)
; Atlantic Ocean (West)
; Australia
; Pacific Ocean
; Pacific Ocean (Central)
; Pacific Ocean (East)
; South America
; Western Australia
英文摘要: In a recent paper, a climatology of tropical moisture exports (TMEs) to the Northern Hemisphere (NH) was constructed on the basis of 7-day forward trajectories, started daily from the tropical lower troposphere, which were required to reach a water vapor flux of at least 100 g kg-1 m s-1 somewhere north of 35°N. It was shown that TMEs contribute significantly to regional precipitation. Here, the authors complement and extend this work by (i) using 6-hourly European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) data from 1979 to 2010 instead of the earlier 40-yr ECMWFRe-Analysis (ERA-40), (ii) extending the climatology to the Southern Hemisphere (SH), and (iii) relating TME events to atmospheric rivers (ARs) previously discussed in the literature. The main conclusions are as follows: First, the TME climatology is not sensitive to the reanalysis dataset. Second, SH TME shows four activity centers: the central and eastern Pacific Ocean (170°-90°W, near the South Pacific convergence zone), eastern South America and the adjacent Atlantic Ocean (60°W-0°, near the South Atlantic convergence zone), the western Indian Ocean (30°-80°E), and western Australia (110°-140°E). Third, TME activity in the SH peaks in austral summer because of higher moisture contents and possibly because of increased Rossby wave activity from the NH. Fourth, El Niño warm events are associated with reduced activity over the South Pacific and increased activity over the South Atlantic and around Australia, while correlations with the southern annular mode are generally weak. Finally, around 90% of all ARs affecting the U.S. West Coast during December-May are connected to TME events, revealing their importance for heavy rain and flooding. © 2013 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/51935
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Institute for Atmosphere and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Knippertz P.,Wernli H.,Gläser G.. A global climatology of tropical moisture exports[J]. Journal of Climate,2013-01-01,26(10)