DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00546.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84866716583
论文题名: Understanding the ENSO-CO2 link using stabilized climate simulations
作者: Stevenson S. ; Fox-Kemper B. ; Jochum M.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期: 22 起始页码: 7917
结束页码: 7936
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climate variability
; ENSO
; General circulation model
; Ocean circulation
; Tropical variability
; Atmospheric pressure
; Climate change
; Climate models
; Commerce
; Nickel compounds
; Wind stress
; Carbon dioxide
; air-sea interaction
; carbon dioxide
; climate change
; climate forcing
; climate modeling
; El Nino-Southern Oscillation
; general circulation model
; oceanic circulation
; sea surface temperature
; wind stress
英文摘要: The influence of atmospheric CO2 concentration on the El Niñ o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is explored using 800-yr integrations of the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 3.5 (CCSM3.5), with CO2 stabilized at the A.D. 1850, 1990, and 2050 levels. Model mean state changes with increased CO2 include preferential SST warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific, a weakening of the equatorial trade winds, increased vertical ocean stratification, and a reduction in the atmospheric Hadley and oceanic subtropical overturning circulations. The annual cycle of SST strengthens with CO2, likely related to unstable air-sea interactions triggered by an increased Northern Hemisphere land-sea temperature contrast. The mean trade wind structure changes asymmetrically about the equator, with increased convergence in the Northern Hemisphere and divergence in the Southern Hemisphere leading to corresponding deepening and shoaling of the thermocline. The proportion of eastern versus central Pacific-type El Niño events increases with CO2, but the significance of the changes is relatively low; ENSO amplitude also increases with CO2, although the change is insignificant at periods longer than 4 yr. The 2-4-yr ENSO response shows an enhancement in equatorial Kelvin wave variability, suggesting that stochastic triggering of El Niño events may be favored with higher CO2. However, the seasonal cycle-ENSO interaction is also modified by the asymmetric climatological changes, and forcing by the Southern Hemisphere becomes more important with higher CO2. Finally, higherresolution CCSM4 control simulations show that ENSOweakens with CO2 given a sufficiently long integration time. The cause for the difference inENSOclimate sensitivity is not immediately obvious butmay potentially be related to changes in westerly wind bursts or other sources of high-frequency wind stress variability. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52159
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; National Center for Atmospheric Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
Recommended Citation:
Stevenson S.,Fox-Kemper B.,Jochum M.. Understanding the ENSO-CO2 link using stabilized climate simulations[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(22)