DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00560.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84867671008
论文题名: GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon earth system models. Part I: Physical formulation and baseline simulation characteristics
作者: Dunne J.P. ; John J.G. ; Adcroft A.J. ; Griffies S.M. ; Hallberg R.W. ; Shevliakova E. ; Stouffer R.J. ; Cooke W. ; Dunne K.A. ; Harrison M.J. ; Krasting J.P. ; Malyshev S.L. ; Milly P.C.D. ; Phillipps P.J. ; Sentman L.T. ; Samuels B.L. ; Spelman M.J. ; Winton M. ; Wittenberg A.T. ; Zadeh N.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期: 19 起始页码: 6646
结束页码: 6665
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Carbon dynamics
; Climate variability
; Content variability
; Coupled models
; Depth structure
; Earth system model
; Earth system modeling
; Earth systems
; General circulation model
; Geophysical fluid dynamics laboratories
; Gyre circulation
; Indian ocean
; Isopycnal coordinates
; Long term drift
; Mixed layer
; Modular Ocean Model
; North Pacific
; Ocean dynamics
; Ocean layers
; Southern ocean
; Surface circulation
; Surface temperatures
; Thermocline depth
; Tropical atlantic
; Vertical pressure
; Atmospheric pressure
; Carbon
; Climate change
; Computer simulation
; Dynamics
; Earth (planet)
; Enthalpy
; Models
; Nickel compounds
; Ocean habitats
; Oceanography
; Climate models
; atmosphere-ocean coupling
; carbon
; climate modeling
; climate variation
; El Nino-Southern Oscillation
; general circulation model
; gyre
; isopycnal layer
; Atlantic Ocean
; Atlantic Ocean (Tropical)
; Indian Ocean
; Pacific Ocean
; Pacific Ocean (North)
; Pacific Ocean (Tropical)
; Southern Ocean
英文摘要: The physical climate formulation and simulation characteristics of two new global coupled carbon-climate Earth System Models, ESM2M and ESM2G, are described. These models demonstrate similar climate fidelity as the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's previous Climate Model version 2.1 (CM2.1) while incorporating explicit and consistent carbon dynamics. The two models differ exclusively in the physical ocean component; ESM2M uses Modular Ocean Model version 4p1 with vertical pressure layers while ESM2G uses Generalized Ocean Layer Dynamics with a bulk mixed layer and interior isopycnal layers. Differences in the ocean mean state include the thermocline depth being relatively deep in ESM2M and relatively shallow in ESM2G compared to observations. The crucial role of ocean dynamics on climate variability is highlighted in El Niño-Southern Oscillation being overly strong in ESM2M and overly weak in ESM2G relative to observations. Thus, while ESM2G might better represent climate changes relating to total heat content variability given its lack of long-term drift, gyre circulation, and ventilation in the North Pacific, tropical Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, and depth structure in the overturning and abyssal flows, ESM2M might better represent climate changes relating to surface circulation given its superior surface temperature, salinity, and height patterns, tropical Pacific circulation and variability, and Southern Ocean dynamics. The overall assessment is that neither model is fundamentally superior to the other, and that both models achieve sufficient fidelity to allow meaningful climate and earth system modeling applications. This affords the ability to assess the role of ocean configuration on earth system interactions in the context of two state-of-the-art coupled carbon- climate models. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52203
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, United States; Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; High Performance Technologies Group, DRC, GFDL, Princeton, NJ, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, United States; High Performance Technologies Group, DRC, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, United States
Recommended Citation:
Dunne J.P.,John J.G.,Adcroft A.J.,et al. GFDL's ESM2 global coupled climate-carbon earth system models. Part I: Physical formulation and baseline simulation characteristics[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(19)