DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00524.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84865077919
论文题名: Climate Feedbacks in CCSM3 under Changing CO 2 forcing. Part I: Adapting the linear radiative kernel technique to feedback calculations for a broad range of forcings
作者: Jonko A.K. ; Shell K.M. ; Sanderson B.M. ; Danabasoglu G.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期: 15 起始页码: 5260
结束页码: 5272
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climate sensitivity
; Forcings
; Global climate model
; Global climate model simulations
; Linear techniques
; Long waves
; Radiative fluxes
; Sensitivity increase
; Top of atmospheres
; Carbon dioxide
; Estimation
; Feedback
; Uncertainty analysis
; Climate models
; algorithm
; carbon dioxide
; climate feedback
; climate modeling
; computer simulation
; global climate
; global warming
; longwave radiation
; radiative forcing
; radiative transfer
; top of atmosphere
英文摘要: Climate feedbacks vary strongly among climate models and continue to represent a major source of uncertainty in estimates of the response of climate to anthropogenic forcings. One method to evaluate feedbacks in global climate models is the radiative kernel technique, which is well suited for model in- tercomparison studies because of its computational efficiency. However, the usefulness of this technique is predicated on the assumption of linearity between top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes and feedback variables, limiting its application to simulations of small climate perturbations, where nonlinearities can be neglected. This paper presents an extension of the utility of this linear technique to large forcings, using global climate model simulations forced with CO 2 concentrations ranging from 2 to 8 times present-day values. Radiative kernels depend on the model's radiative transfer algorithm and climate base state. For large warming, kernels based on the present-day climate significantly underestimate longwave TOA flux changes and somewhat overestimate shortwave TOA flux changes. These biases translate to inaccurate feedback estimates. It is shown that a combination of present-day kernels and kernels computed using a large forcing climate base state leads to significant improvement in the approximation of TOA flux changes and increased reliability of feedback estimates. While using present-day kernels results in a climate sensitivity that remains constant, using the new kernels shows that sensitivity increases significantly with each successive doubling of CO 2 concentrations. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52306
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States
Recommended Citation:
Jonko A.K.,Shell K.M.,Sanderson B.M.,et al. Climate Feedbacks in CCSM3 under Changing CO 2 forcing. Part I: Adapting the linear radiative kernel technique to feedback calculations for a broad range of forcings[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(15)