DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00131.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84859299597
论文题名: The structure of low-altitude clouds over the Southern Ocean as seen by CloudSat
作者: Huang Y. ; Siems S.T. ; Manton M.J. ; Hande L.B. ; Haynes J.M.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期: 7 起始页码: 2535
结束页码: 2546
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Australia
; Cloud condensation nuclei
; Cloud detection algorithms
; Cloud fields
; Cloud microphysics
; CloudSat
; Higher latitudes
; Ice water
; Liquid water
; Low-altitude
; Lower boundary
; Peak frequencies
; Radar returns
; Radiative forcings
; Range bins
; Seasonal cycle
; Short waves
; Southern ocean
; Atmospheric radiation
; Climatology
; Clouds
; Liquids
; Oceanography
; cloud condensation nucleus
; cloud microphysics
; cloud radiative forcing
; cloud water
; CloudSat
; Southern Ocean
英文摘要: A climatology of the structure of the low-altitude cloud field (tops below 4 km) over the Southern Ocean (408-658S) in the vicinity of Australia (1008-1608E) has been constructed with CloudSat products for liquid water and ice water clouds. Averaging over longitude and time, CloudSat produces a roughly uniform cloud field between heights of approximately 750 and 2250 m across the extent of the domain for both winter and summer. This cloud field makes a transition from consisting primarily of liquid water at the lower latitudes to ice water at the higher latitudes. This transition is primarily driven by the gradient in the temperature, which is commonly between 08 and 2208C, rather than by direct physical observation. The uniform lower boundary is a consequence of the CloudSat cloud detection algorithm being unable to reliably separate radar returns because of the bright surface versus returns due to clouds, in the lowest four range bins above the surface. This is potentially very problematic over the Southern Ocean where the depth of the boundary layer has been observed to be as shallow as 500 m. Cloud fields inferred from upper-air soundings at Macquarie Island (54.628S, 158.858E) similarly suggest that the peak frequency lies between 260 and 500 mfor both summer and winter. No immediate explanation is available for the uniformity of the cloudtop boundary. This lack of a strong seasonal cycle is, perhaps, remarkable given the large seasonal cycles in both the shortwave (SW) radiative forcing experienced and the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration over the Southern Ocean. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52463
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Monash Weather and Climate, Monash University, Monash, VIC, Australia; Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
Recommended Citation:
Huang Y.,Siems S.T.,Manton M.J.,et al. The structure of low-altitude clouds over the Southern Ocean as seen by CloudSat[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(7)