DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00114.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84857027494
论文题名: Reproducibility by climate models of cloud radiative forcing associated with tropical convection
作者: Ichikawa H. ; Masunaga H. ; Tsushima Y. ; Kanzawa H.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2012
卷: 25, 期: 4 起始页码: 1247
结束页码: 1262
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Cloud forcing
; Cloud radiative forcing
; Convective activity
; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
; Deep convection
; Environment conditions
; Free troposphere
; In-phase
; Large-scale circulation
; Long waves
; Model comparison
; Oceanic regions
; Reanalysis
; Reproducibilities
; Sea surface temperatures
; Suppression mechanism
; Tropical convection
; Tropical ocean
; Vertical motions
; Atmospherics
; Climate models
; Clouds
; Heat convection
; Tropics
; Atmospheric radiation
; climate modeling
; cloud radiative forcing
; computer simulation
; convective system
; longwave radiation
; numerical model
; relative humidity
; sea surface temperature
; shortwave radiation
; stratocumulus
; tropical environment
; troposphere
; twenty first century
英文摘要: In this study, cloud radiative forcing (CRF) associated with convective activity over tropical oceans is analyzed for monthly mean data from twentieth-century simulations of 18 climate models participating in phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) in comparison with observational and reanalysis data. The analysis is focused on the warm oceanic regions with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) above 27°C to exclude the regions with cold SSTs typically covered by low stratus clouds. CRF is evaluated for different regimes sorted by pressure-coordinated vertical motion at 500 hPa (ω 500) as an index of large-scale circulation. The warm oceanic regions cover the regime of vertical motion ranging from strong ascent to weak descent. The most notable feature found in this study is a systematic underestimation by most models of the ratio of longwave cloud radiative forcing (LWCRF) to shortwave cloud radiative forcing (SWCRF) over the weak vertical motion regime defined as -10, ω500, 20 hPa day -1. The underestimation of the ratio corresponds to the underestimation of LWCRF and the overestimation of SWCRF. Clouds in models seem to be lower in the amount of high clouds but more reflective than those in the observations in this regime. In the weak vertical motion regime, the lower free troposphere is dry. In the large-scale environment condition, the reproducibility of LWCRF is high in models adopting the scheme where the relative humidity- based suppression for deep convection occurrence is implemented. Models adopting the Zhang andMcFarlane scheme show good performance without such a suppression mechanism. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52574
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Ichikawa H.,Masunaga H.,Tsushima Y.,et al. Reproducibility by climate models of cloud radiative forcing associated with tropical convection[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(4)