DOI: 10.1007/s00382-015-2553-x
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84947487490
论文题名: Thermodynamic disequilibrium of the atmosphere in the context of global warming
作者: Huang J. ; McElroy M.B.
刊名: Climate Dynamics
ISSN: 9307575
出版年: 2015
卷: 45, 期: 2017-11-12 起始页码: 3513
结束页码: 3525
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Energy
; Entropy
; Global warming
; Temperature
; Thermodynamic disequilibrium
英文摘要: The atmosphere is an example of a non-equilibrium system. This study explores the relationship among temperature, energy and entropy of the atmosphere, introducing two variables that serve to quantify the thermodynamic disequilibrium of the atmosphere. The maximum work, Wmax, that the atmosphere can perform is defined as the work developed through a thermally reversible and adiabatic approach to thermodynamic equilibrium with global entropy conserved. The maximum entropy increase, (ΔS)max, is defined as the increase in global entropy achieved through a thermally irreversible transition to thermodynamic equilibrium without performing work. Wmax is identified as an approximately linear function of (ΔS)max. Large values of Wmax or (ΔS)max correspond to states of high thermodynamic disequilibrium. The seasonality and long-term historical variation of Wmax and (ΔS)max are computed, indicating highest disequilibrium in July, lowest disequilibrium in January with no statistically significant trend over the past 32 years. The analysis provides a perspective on the interconnections of temperature, energy and entropy for the atmosphere and allows for a quantitative investigation of the deviation of the atmosphere from thermodynamic equilibrium. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 资助项目: NSF, National Science Foundation
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/53914
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, United States; John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 79 John F. Kennedy Street, Cambridge, MA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Huang J.,McElroy M.B.. Thermodynamic disequilibrium of the atmosphere in the context of global warming[J]. Climate Dynamics,2015-01-01,45(2017-11-12)