| DOI: | 10.1007/s00382-013-1783-z
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-84897571123
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| 论文题名: | ENSO representation in climate models: From CMIP3 to CMIP5 |
| 作者: | Bellenger H.; Guilyardi E.; Leloup J.; Lengaigne M.; Vialard J.
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| 刊名: | Climate Dynamics
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| ISSN: | 9307575
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| 出版年: | 2014
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| 卷: | 42, 期:2017-07-08 | | 起始页码: | 1999
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| 结束页码: | 2018
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文摘要: | We analyse the ability of CMIP3 and CMIP5 coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models (CGCMs) to simulate the tropical Pacific mean state and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The CMIP5 multi-model ensemble displays an encouraging 30 % reduction of the pervasive cold bias in the western Pacific, but no quantum leap in ENSO performance compared to CMIP3. CMIP3 and CMIP5 can thus be considered as one large ensemble (CMIP3 + CMIP5) for multi-model ENSO analysis. The too large diversity in CMIP3 ENSO amplitude is however reduced by a factor of two in CMIP5 and the ENSO life cycle (location of surface temperature anomalies, seasonal phase locking) is modestly improved. Other fundamental ENSO characteristics such as central Pacific precipitation anomalies however remain poorly represented. The sea surface temperature (SST)-latent heat flux feedback is slightly improved in the CMIP5 ensemble but the wind-SST feedback is still underestimated by 20-50 % and the shortwave-SST feedbacks remain underestimated by a factor of two. The improvement in ENSO amplitudes might therefore result from error compensations. The ability of CMIP models to simulate the SST-shortwave feedback, a major source of erroneous ENSO in CGCMs, is further detailed. In observations, this feedback is strongly nonlinear because the real atmosphere switches from subsident (positive feedback) to convective (negative feedback) regimes under the effect of seasonal and interannual variations. Only one-third of CMIP3 + CMIP5 models reproduce this regime shift, with the other models remaining locked in one of the two regimes. The modelled shortwave feedback nonlinearity increases with ENSO amplitude and the amplitude of this feedback in the spring strongly relates with the models ability to simulate ENSO phase locking. In a final stage, a subset of metrics is proposed in order to synthesize the ability of each CMIP3 and CMIP5 models to simulate ENSO main characteristics and key atmospheric feedbacks. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/54383
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| Appears in Collections: | 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: | LOCEAN (UMPC-CNRS-IRD-MNHN), IPSL, Paris, France; NCAS-Climate, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Bellenger H.,Guilyardi E.,Leloup J.,et al. ENSO representation in climate models: From CMIP3 to CMIP5[J]. Climate Dynamics,2014-01-01,42(2017-07-08)
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