DOI: 10.1007/s00382-014-2131-7
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84905119378
论文题名: Salinity changes in the World Ocean since 1950 in relation to changing surface freshwater fluxes
作者: Skliris N. ; Marsh R. ; Josey S.A. ; Good S.A. ; Liu C. ; Allan R.P.
刊名: Climate Dynamics
ISSN: 9307575
出版年: 2014
卷: 43, 期: 2017-03-04 起始页码: 709
结束页码: 736
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Evaporation
; Freshwater flux
; Hydrological cycle
; Precipitation
; Salinity
英文摘要: Global hydrographic and air-sea freshwater flux datasets are used to investigate ocean salinity changes over 1950-2010 in relation to surface freshwater flux. On multi-decadal timescales, surface salinity increases (decreases) in evaporation (precipitation) dominated regions, the Atlantic-Pacific salinity contrast increases, and the upper thermocline salinity maximum increases while the salinity minimum of intermediate waters decreases. Potential trends in E-P are examined for 1950-2010 (using two reanalyses) and 1979-2010 (using four reanalyses and two blended products). Large differences in the 1950-2010 E-P trend patterns are evident in several regions, particularly the North Atlantic. For 1979-2010 some coherency in the spatial change patterns is evident but there is still a large spread in trend magnitude and sign between the six E-P products. However, a robust pattern of increased E-P in the southern hemisphere subtropical gyres is seen in all products. There is also some evidence in the tropical Pacific for a link between the spatial change patterns of salinity and E-P associated with ENSO. The water cycle amplification rate over specific regions is subsequently inferred from the observed 3-D salinity change field using a salt conservation equation in variable isopycnal volumes, implicitly accounting for the migration of isopycnal surfaces. Inferred global changes of E-P over 1950-2010 amount to an increase of 1 ± 0.6 % in net evaporation across the subtropics and an increase of 4.2 ± 2 % in net precipitation across subpolar latitudes. Amplification rates are approximately doubled over 1979-2010, consistent with accelerated broad-scale warming but also coincident with much improved salinity sampling over the latter period. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/54414
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; Met Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Skliris N.,Marsh R.,Josey S.A.,et al. Salinity changes in the World Ocean since 1950 in relation to changing surface freshwater fluxes[J]. Climate Dynamics,2014-01-01,43(2017-03-04)