DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.12.003
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85011349845
论文题名: Late Holocene lowland fluvial archives and geoarchaeology: Utrecht's case study of Rhine river abandonment under Roman and Medieval settlement
作者: van Dinter M. ; Cohen K.M. ; Hoek W.Z. ; Stouthamer E. ; Jansma E. ; Middelkoop H.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2017
卷: 166 起始页码: 227
结束页码: 265
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Channel abandonment
; Deltaic avulsion
; Fluvial archives
; Geoarchaeology
; Human occupation
; Late Holocene
; Rivers
Scopus关键词: Bifurcation (mathematics)
; Floods
; Channel abandonment
; Deltaic avulsion
; Fluvial archives
; Geo archaeologies
; Human occupation
; Late Holocene
; Rivers
; Citrus aurantiifolia
英文摘要: Fluvial lowlands have become attractive human settling areas all around the world over the last few millennia. Because rivers kept changing their course and networks due to avulsion, the sedimentary sequences in these areas are archives of both fluvial geomorphological and archaeological development. We integrated geological and archaeological datasets to demonstrate the concurrence of the gradual abandonment of a major Rhine channel (Utrecht, The Netherlands), the development of human habitation in the area, and the interactions between them. The Utrecht case study highlights the stage-wise abandonment of a natural river channel, due to avulsion, coincident with intensifying human occupation in Roman and Early Medieval times (1st millennium AD). The analyses make maximum use of very rich data sets available for the study area and the tight age control that the geo-archaeological dataset facilitates, offering extra means of time-control to document the pacing of the abandonment process. This allows us to quantify change in river dimensions and meander style and to provide discharge estimates for successive stages of the abandonment phase over a 1000-year period of abandonment succession, from mature river to eventual Late Medieval overbuilt canal when the Rhine branch had lost even more discharge. Continued geomorphic development during this period - which includes the 'Dark Ages' (450-1000 AD) - appears to have been crucial in the development of Utrecht from Roman army fortress to Medieval ecclesial centre. The settlement dynamics in and around the city of Utrecht changed during the various phases of abandonment. In the bifurcating network of river branches forming the Rhine-Meuse delta, the main Rhine branch hosted the Roman limes military border and transport route. The Rhine- Vecht bifurcation at Utrecht provided an excellent location to raise a Roman fort. Continued geomorphic activity during abandonment in Early Medieval times was characterised by enhanced overbank sedimentation and shifts in the position of bifurcations. River flooding became more incidental in this stage, and alluvial-ridge occupancy became sensitive to flooding events for several centuries. We conclude by demonstrating that similar human-river interactions during Roman times occurred in several other deltas within the former Roman empire, with differences depending on the position of a settlement within the delta, the overall hydrological situation, and the ability of societies to control the changing environment. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59214
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, Utrecht, Netherlands; ADC Archeoprojecten, Nijverheidsweg-Noord 114, Amersfoort, Netherlands; Department of Applied Geology and Geophysics, Deltares Research Institute, Princetonlaan 6, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Geomodelling, TNO - Geological Survey of the Netherlands, Princetonlaan 6, Utrecht, Netherlands; Cultural Heritage Agency of The Netherlands, Smallepad 5, Amersfoort, Netherlands
Recommended Citation:
van Dinter M.,Cohen K.M.,Hoek W.Z.,et al. Late Holocene lowland fluvial archives and geoarchaeology: Utrecht's case study of Rhine river abandonment under Roman and Medieval settlement[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2017-01-01,166