globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.004
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85018363061
论文题名:
Revising the archaeological record of the Upper Pleistocene Arctic Siberia: Human dispersal and adaptations in MIS 3 and 2
作者: Pitulko V.; Pavlova E.; Nikolskiy P.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2017
卷: 165
起始页码: 127
结束页码: 148
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Arctic ; Beringia ; Human dispersal ; Subsistence strategy ; Taimyr ; Upper Paleolithic
Scopus关键词: Manufacture ; Arctic ; Beringia ; Human dispersal ; Subsistence strategy ; Taimyr ; Upper Paleolithic ; Glacial geology
英文摘要: As the main external driver, environmental changes largely predetermine human population distribution, especially in the Arctic, where environmental conditions were often too extreme for human survival. Not that long ago the only evidence of human presence here was the Berelekh site in the lower reaches of the Indighirka River. This landmark dates to 13,000–12,000 years ago but it was widely accepted as documentation of the earliest stage of human dispersal in the Arctic. New research discussed here, shows that humans began colonizing the Siberian Arctic at least by the end of the early stage of MIS 3 at around 45,000 years ago. For now, this earliest known stage of human occupation in the arctic regions is documented by the evidence of human hunting. The archaeological record of continued human occupation is fragmentary; nevertheless, evidence exists for each significant phase including the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Siberian Arctic human populations were likely supported by the local mammoth population, which provided humans with food and raw material in the form of mammoth tusks. Processing of mammoth ivory is recognized widely as one of the most important peculiarities of the material culture of ancient humans. In fact, ivory tool manufacturing is one of the most important innovations of the Upper Palaeolithic in northern Eurasia. Technology that allowed manufacturing of long ivory shafts – long points and full-size spears – was critical in the tree-less open landscapes of Eurasian mammoth steppe belt. These technological skills reach their greatest extent and development shortly before the Last Glacial Maximum but are recognizable until the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary across Northern Eurasia in all areas populated by mammoths and humans. Loss of this stable source of raw material due to the late Pleistocene mammoth extinction may have provoked a shift in post-LGM Siberia to the Beringian microblade tradition. This paper reviews the most important archaeological findings made in arctic Siberia over the last twenty years. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
资助项目: This work is based on the results of the Zhokhov-Yana project, a long-term Russian-US effort operated by the Rock Foundation, New York since 2000. Data collection had been continued with the support of the Russian Academy of Sciences through the Fundamental Research Program N 33 “Traditions and Innovations in Human Culture” (project 1.11 granted to VP) and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project N 13-06-12044 granted to VP). The study had been completed under support of Russian Science Foundation (project N 16-18-10265 RNF granted to VP). Authors want to thank Frederik Paulsen for supporting the field survey in 2013, Pavel Ivanov (photography), Natalia Tsvetkova (graphic drawings, lithics), Alla Mashezerskaya (graphic drawings, bone and ivory), and Veronika Stegantseva (image processing). Enormous thanks to Natalia Slobodina for helping with the translation. Finally, authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on the initial manuscript.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59233
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作者单位: Institute for the Material Culture History, Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 Dvortsovaya nab., St Petersburg, Russian Federation; Arctic & Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., St Petersburg, Russian Federation; Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 Pyzhevsky per., Moscow, Russian Federation

Recommended Citation:
Pitulko V.,Pavlova E.,Nikolskiy P.. Revising the archaeological record of the Upper Pleistocene Arctic Siberia: Human dispersal and adaptations in MIS 3 and 2[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2017-01-01,165
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