globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.11.016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84999274559
论文题名:
Challenging the ‘offshore hypothesis’ for fossiliferous chert artefacts in southwestern Australia and consideration of inland trade routes
作者: O'Leary M.J.; Ward I.; Key M.M.; Jr.; Burkhart M.S.; Rawson C.; Evans N.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2017
卷: 156
起始页码: 36
结束页码: 46
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Archaeology ; Chert artefacts ; Geochemistry ; Stratigraphy
Scopus关键词: Commerce ; Deposits ; Geochemistry ; Glacial geology ; Stratigraphy ; Structural geology ; Archaeology ; Chert artefacts ; Continental shelves ; Geochemical evidence ; Geochemical fingerprints ; Last Glacial Maximum ; Sedimentary strata ; Southwest western australia ; Sea level ; archaeology ; artifact ; biostratigraphy ; bryozoan ; chert ; continental shelf ; Eocene ; ethnography ; geochemistry ; Last Glacial Maximum ; marker bed ; offshore application ; outcrop ; Pleistocene-Holocene boundary ; Postglacial ; sea level change ; source rock ; trade-environment relations ; Australia ; Nullarbor Plain ; Swan Coastal Plain ; Western Australia ; Bryozoa
英文摘要: Surface scatters containing Eocene chert artefacts are a widespread cultural site type along the Swan Coastal Plain; however, no source rock for the chert is known to exist locally. In the absence of chert outcrops onshore, archaeologists have argued for an offshore source that was subsequently flooded during post-glacial sea level rise. Support for this theory has been the decline or absence of Eocene chert artefacts in deposits younger than 6000 years BP, and the apparent decrease in chert assemblage inland from the contemporary coastline, which may call into question a distal eastern source. This paper presents an alternative theory whereby chert was sourced from the Nullarbor Plain (∼1000 km to the east) and traded east as well as west across southern Australia. Evidence to support this theory includes (1) absence of Eocene age sedimentary strata outcropping on the continental shelf, (2) faunal evidence showing bryozoans imbedded in the Swan Coastal Plain chert, with similar environmental affinities to bryozoans embedded in chert outcropping along the Nullarbor Plain sea cliffs, and (3) geochemical evidence showing a similar geochemical fingerprint between artefacts from the Nullarbor Plain and Swan Coastal Plain. With a peak in fossiliferous chert use around the Last Glacial Maximum, these findings have significant ethnographic implications supporting long distance trade to the east rather than local sourcing of lithic resources by isolated Aboriginal groups. These findings also have chronological implications relating to the use of Eocene fossiliferous chert as a chronological marker for Late Pleistocene to early-Holocene age deposits in southwest Western Australia, albeit with source accessibility following post-glacial sea-level rise still a main factor in the decline in chert use. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
资助项目: We thanks John Reeve, Curator, Clarke Earth Science Museum, University of Western Australia for access to the John Glover's original artefact collections. We thank Tony Cockbain and Jo Dortch for discussions and valuable comments on the Manuscript. We also acknowledge the support of the GeoHistory Laser Ablation Facility, John de Laeter Centre, Curtin University particularly Bradly MacDonald and Kelly Merigot for their assistance in the LA-ICPMS and TIMA analysis respectively. This research was also supported by an Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering grant (# ALNGRA15515) which provided XRD and MC-ICPMS analyses and assistance from Henri Wong (AINSE). R. Dean (Dickinson College, U.S.A.) helped with thin sectioning. Michelle Clinger (Dickinson College, U.S.A.) picked all the well cuttings. The following colleagues helped us identify the bryozoan species: Dennis Gordon (National Institute of Water & Atmospheric, New Zealand), Rolf Schmidt (Museum Victoria, Australia), Yvonne Bone (University of Adelaide, Australia), and Noel James (Queen's University, Canada).
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59338
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建

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作者单位: Depart. Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia; School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, United States; GeoHistory Laser Ablation Facility, John de Laeter Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia

Recommended Citation:
O'Leary M.J.,Ward I.,Key M.M.,et al. Challenging the ‘offshore hypothesis’ for fossiliferous chert artefacts in southwestern Australia and consideration of inland trade routes[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2017-01-01,156
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