globalchange  > 过去全球变化的重建
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84979955483
论文题名:
The harbour of Elaia: A palynological archive for human environmental interactions during the last 7500 years
作者: Shumilovskikh L.S.; Seeliger M.; Feuser S.; Novenko E.; Schlütz F.; Pint A.; Pirson F.; Brückner H.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2016
卷: 149
起始页码: 167
结束页码: 187
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Dinoflagellate cysts ; Erosion ; Fungal spores ; Helminth eggs ; Holocene ; Maritime trade ; Non-pollen palynomorphs ; Pergamon ; Turkey ; Vegetation history
Scopus关键词: Commerce ; Erosion ; Land use ; Vegetation ; Dinoflagellate cysts ; Fungal spores ; Helminth eggs ; Holocenes ; Palynomorphs ; Pergamon ; Turkey ; Vegetation history ; Forestry ; archaeological evidence ; core analysis ; deciduous forest ; dinoflagellate cyst ; egg ; endemic species ; environmental history ; fire history ; fungus ; harbor ; Holocene ; land use ; maritime trade ; palynology ; palynomorph ; soil erosion ; turnover ; vegetation history ; Aegean Sea ; Black Sea ; Mediterranean Sea ; Turkey ; Dinophyceae ; Juglans ; Peridinium ; Pistacia vera ; Quercus ; Vermes ; Vitaceae
英文摘要: Elaia, the harbour city for ancient Pergamon (western Turkey), was investigated using geoarchaeological methods. The rise and fall of Elaia were closely linked to the flourishing period of Pergamon, which ruled wide parts of today's western Turkey in Hellenistic times. In the framework of this research, the palynological analysis of a 9 m sediment core, Ela-70, retrieved from the enclosed harbour of the city, was carried out to reconstruct the vegetation and environmental history of the wider Gulf of Elaia region. An age-depth model, based on 11 calibrated radiocarbon ages, starting from 7.5 ka BP, provides the basis for the high resolution study of sediments from the Hellenistic period, as well as before and after. The lower part of the pollen diagram is characterised by high percentages of deciduous oaks and pines, suggesting the dominance of open forests close to the coring site. The change from oak forests to a cultural landscape, with olive, pistachio, walnut, and grape, started around 850 BC, reaching a maximum ca. 250 BC, and continuing to ca. AD 800. This period is characterised by increase of fire activity, soil erosion intensity, and pastoral farming. Such long-lasting intensive land use likely led to the climax ecosystem turnover from open deciduous oak forests to pine stands, while salt marshes developed around the coring site. The discovery of the dinoflagellate cysts of Peridinium ponticum, a Black Sea endemic species, in the harbour of Elaia evidences maritime trade between the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea; its first occurrence coincides with the time of the Mithridatic Wars (1st century BC). In conclusion, palynological data, in addition to historical and archaeological records, provide a deeper insight into human environmental interactions, as derived from the geoarchaeological archive of the harbour of Elaia. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
资助项目: We thank Bas van Geel for valuable reviewing of the manuscript and Robert Spengler for polishing the English. The project presented here was conducted in the context of the DFG priority program (SPP) 1209 “The Hellenistic Polis as a Living Space – Urban Structures and Civic Identity between Tradition and Innovation” (2008–2011). Financial support by the German Research Foundation is gratefully acknowledged (DFG ref. nos. PI 740/1-3 and BR 877/32-1). The study was partially supported by the D. I. Mendeleev Scientific Fund Program of Tomsk State University and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR grants 16-35-60083 and 16-36-00293). The studies would not have been possible without the hospitality and support of the Pergamon excavation team. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey kindly granted the research permits.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59460
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作者单位: Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Laboratory of Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Plants, Tomsk State University, Russian Federation; Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Köln (Cologne), Germany; Heinrich Schliemann-Institute of Ancient Studies, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Lower Saxony Institute for Historical Coastal Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany; DAI Department Istanbul, Turkey; Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation

Recommended Citation:
Shumilovskikh L.S.,Seeliger M.,Feuser S.,et al. The harbour of Elaia: A palynological archive for human environmental interactions during the last 7500 years[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2016-01-01,149
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