DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84928232758
论文题名: A stacked Late Quaternary fluvio-periglacial sequence from the Axe valley, southern England with implications for landscape evolution and Palaeolithic archaeology
作者: Brown A.G. ; Basell L.S. ; Toms P.S.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2015
卷: 116 起始页码: 106
结束页码: 121
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Acheulian
; Bifaces
; Chert
; Hydraulic fracturing
; Incision
; Palaeolithic
; Periglaciation
; Quaternary hydrogeology
; Thermokarst
Scopus关键词: Catchments
; Climate models
; Crystalline rocks
; Groundwater
; History
; Hydraulic fracturing
; Hydrogeology
; Lithology
; Quartz
; Runoff
; Slope stability
; Stairs
; Tectonics
; Acheulian
; Bifaces
; Chert
; Incision
; Palaeolithic
; Periglaciation
; Thermokarst
; Landforms
; archaeology
; climate variation
; hydrogeology
; hydrological change
; landscape evolution
; Paleolithic
; periglacial environment
; Quaternary
; terrace
; valley
; England
; United Kingdom
英文摘要: The current model of mid-latitude late Quaternary terrace sequences, is that they are uplift-driven but climatically controlled terrace staircases, relating to both regional-scale crustal and tectonic factors, and palaeohydrological variations forced by quasi-cyclic climatic conditions in the 100K world (post Mid Pleistocene Transition). This model appears to hold for the majority of the river valleys draining into the English Channel which exhibit 8-15 terrace levels over approximately 60-100m of altitudinal elevation. However, one valley, the Axe, has only one major morphological terrace and has long-been regarded as anomalous. This paper uses both conventional and novel stratigraphical methods (digital granulometry and terrestrial laser scanning) to show that this terrace is a stacked sedimentary sequence of 20-30m thickness with a quasi-continuous (i.e. with hiatuses) pulsed, record of fluvial and periglacial sedimentation over at least the last 300-400Kyrs as determined principally by OSL dating of the upper two thirds of the sequence. Since uplift has been regional, there is no evidence of anomalous neotectonics, and climatic history must be comparable to the adjacent catchments (both of which have staircase sequences) a catchment-specific mechanism is required. The Axe is the only valley in North West Europe incised entirely into the near-horizontally bedded chert (crypto-crystalline quartz) and sand-rich Lower Cretaceous rocks creating a buried valley. Mapping of the valley slopes has identified many large landslide scars associated with past and present springs. It is proposed that these are thaw-slump scars and represent large hill-slope failures caused by Vauclausian water pressures and hydraulic fracturing of the chert during rapid permafrost melting. A simple 1D model of this thermokarstic process is used to explore this mechanism, and it is proposed that the resultant anomalously high input of chert and sand into the valley during terminations caused pulsed aggradation until the last termination. It is also proposed that interglacial and interstadial incision may have been prevented by the over-sized and interlocking nature of the sub-angular chert clasts until the Lateglacial when confinement of the river overcame this immobility threshold. One result of this hydrogeologically mediated valley evolution was to provide a sequence of proximal Palaeolithic archaeology over two MIS cycles. This study demonstrates that uplift tectonics and climate alone do not fully determine Quaternary valley evolution and that lithological and hydrogeological conditions are a fundamental cause of variation in terrestrial Quaternary records and landform evolution. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/59942
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建
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作者单位: Palaeoenvironmental Laboratory University of Southampton (PLUS), School of Geography, University of Southampton, Highfields Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom; Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Luminescence Dating Laboratory, School of Natural and Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Swindon Road, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Brown A.G.,Basell L.S.,Toms P.S.. A stacked Late Quaternary fluvio-periglacial sequence from the Axe valley, southern England with implications for landscape evolution and Palaeolithic archaeology[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2015-01-01,116